Publication: Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi öncesi asker alım faaliyetleri
Abstract
Askerlik kavramı genel olarak; asker olma hali, askerlik ödevi, ordu hizmeti şeklinde ifade edilmektedir. Asker alma ise; bu, askerlik görevini yerine getirmek için yasaya uygun olanların toplanması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Batı'da Fransız Devrimi'nin etkileri ile zorunlu askerlik uygulaması Osmanlı Devleti’nde Tanzimat Fermanı'nın ilan edilmesiyle geçerli hale gelmiştir. Tabi bu olaylardan önce, askerlik kavramsal olarak Dünya üzerinde asker olma hali mevcuttur. Ancak askere alım şekli, devlet organı içindeki farklı geleneklere dayanmaktaydı.Ordu adı verilen askeri örgüt, devlet yapısındaki tüm silahlı kuvvetleri de ifade eder. Savunma ve saldırı amaçlı düzenlenirler. Ordular, tarih boyunca devletlerin ekonomik, sosyal ve politik durumlarındaki değişikliklere paralel olarak gelişti. Yeni keşifler ve silahlar orduları etkiledi ve savaşların taktikleri ve stratejileri ile orduların yapılarında değişiklikler oldu. Ordular para kazanmak ve yağmalamak isteyen paralı askerlerden veya bir amaç için savaşmak isteyen vatansever gönüllülerden oluşabilir. Zorunlu askere alım sistemi her sağlıklı erkek vatandaşı içeriyordu, ancak rejim altındaki silahların ele geçirilmesinden korkan ve kalabalık bir orduyu beslemek için parası olmayan devletler için uygun değildi. Zorunlu askerlik sadece uzun vadede vatandaşlık kavramını yasal boyuta getirerek gerçekleştirildi.
ABSTRACTThe concept of military service in general; military service, military service, army service. Recruitment; This is defined as the gathering of those who are obliged according to the law to perform their military service. The definitions are based on a history that can be considered as close to the world history. It was reminiscent of the official discourse of the period of the publication of the French Revolution in the West and the Tanzimat Edict in the Ottoman Empire. Of course, before these events, military service was conceptually present on Earth. But the form of recruitment was based on different traditions within the state organ.The military organization called the army also refers to all armed forces in a state structure. They are organized for defense and attack purposes. Armies have evolved in parallel with the changes in the economic, social and political situations of states throughout history. New discoveries and weapons have affected armies, and there have been changes in the tactics and strategies of war as well as in the structures of the armies. Armies could be made up of mercenary professional soldiers who wanted to make money and loot, or they could be made up of patriotic volunteers who wanted to fight for a purpose. The compulsory military system included every healthy male citizen, but was not suitable for states that feared the seizure of arms under the regime and had no money to feed a crowded army. The compulsory military service was only realized in the long term by bringing the concept of citizenship to the legal dimension.
ABSTRACTThe concept of military service in general; military service, military service, army service. Recruitment; This is defined as the gathering of those who are obliged according to the law to perform their military service. The definitions are based on a history that can be considered as close to the world history. It was reminiscent of the official discourse of the period of the publication of the French Revolution in the West and the Tanzimat Edict in the Ottoman Empire. Of course, before these events, military service was conceptually present on Earth. But the form of recruitment was based on different traditions within the state organ.The military organization called the army also refers to all armed forces in a state structure. They are organized for defense and attack purposes. Armies have evolved in parallel with the changes in the economic, social and political situations of states throughout history. New discoveries and weapons have affected armies, and there have been changes in the tactics and strategies of war as well as in the structures of the armies. Armies could be made up of mercenary professional soldiers who wanted to make money and loot, or they could be made up of patriotic volunteers who wanted to fight for a purpose. The compulsory military system included every healthy male citizen, but was not suitable for states that feared the seizure of arms under the regime and had no money to feed a crowded army. The compulsory military service was only realized in the long term by bringing the concept of citizenship to the legal dimension.