Publication: Farklı gelişenleri kabul edici tutum geliştirme programının normal gelişen öğrenci tutumlarının değişimine etkisi
Abstract
FARKLI GELİŞENLERİ KABUL EDİCİ TUTUM GELİŞTİRME PROGRAMININ NORMAL GELİŞEN ÖĞRENCİ TUTUMLARININ DEĞİŞİMİNE ETKİSİ Bu araştırma, normal gelişen ilköğretim öğrencilerinin otistik bireyleri daha yakından tanımaları ve onlara yönelik kabul edici tutum geliştirmelerini sağlamak amacıyla hazırlanmış olan ve “Yaşamla Bütünleşme Kulübü” aracılığı ile uygulanan Farklı Gelişenleri Kabul Edici Tutum Geliştirme nın etkililiğinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Ön test- son test kontrol gruplu deneme modeline göre desenlenen bu araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, bünyesinde otistik öğrencilerin eğitim gördüğü özel eğitim sınıfı bulunan iki ilköğretim okulundan 3., 4., 5., 6., 7. ve 8. sınıfına devam eden, farklı gelişen yakını ve sınıf arkadaşı (sınıfında kaynaştırma öğrencisi) olmayan, farklı gelişen herhangi biri ile yaşam deneyimi bulunmayan 289 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada verileri toplama araçları olarak; araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan öğrencilerin kişisel özelliklerini kaydetmek üzere “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, öğrencilerin otistik arkadaşlarına yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek üzere “Otistiklere Yönelik Tutumlar Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada deney grubu ile kontrol grubunu oluşturan öğrencilerin otistiklere yönelik tutumları çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmiştir ve geliştirilen programın etkisi tartışılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda deney grubundaki normal gelişen öğrencilerin, kontrol grubundaki normal gelişen öğrencilere kıyasla, otistik arkadaşlarını kabul edici tutumlarında anlamlı farklılık oluşturacak şekilde gelişme gözlenmiştir. Farklı Gelişenleri Kabul Edici Tutum Geliştirme kademede de etkili olmakla birlikte 1. kademede daha başarılı sonuçlar vermiştir. Otistikleri kabul edici tutumları bakımından 1. kademede kızlar ile erkekler arasında anlamlı bir farklılık gözlenmemişken, 2. kademede duygu boyutunda anlamlı farklılık görülmüştür. Ayrıca hem deney hem de kontrol grubunda kızların erkeklere göre, otistiklere yönelik tutumlarında daha kabul edici olduğu gözlenmiştir. Aynı ortamda bulunan Yaşamla Bütünleşme Kulübü’ne üye olan ve olmayan deney grubu öğrencilerinin otistikleri kabul edici tutumları arasında anlamlı bir farklılaşmanın görülmemesi araştırmanın diğer bir sonucudur. Anahtar Sözcükler: Otizm, Tutum, Kaynaştırma, Sosyal Kulüp, Akran Dayanışması, Akran Öğretimi
THE EFFECT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A POSITIVE ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE DIFFERENTALLY DEVELOPED CHILDREN PROGRAM ON THE CHANGE OF NORMALLY DEVELOPED STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES On this research it is aimed to know autistic students better by normally developed primary school students and develop a positive attitude towards them by using “The Club of Life Inclusion: The Program of Developing A Positive Attitude Towards Differentally Developed Children. The research was designed according to pre-test and post-test control group experimental model. The sample of the study was composed of two different primary school students, totally 289 subjects from 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th grades and they had no differentally developed class-mate, or relative, or had no contact with a differentally developed person in any case. Also, each school had a Dependent Autistic Children Education Center. To collect the data the Personal Information Form developed by the researcher was used to search the students’ demographic information and also, the Attitude Scale towards the Autistics was used to search normally developed students’ attitudes towards the autistics. The attitudes of experimental and control group students towards autistics were considered in the frame of diffrent variables such as sex, grade, and club membership and the effects of the developed program was discussed. According to the results of the study the normally developed students of the experimental group were significantly different than the normally developed students of control group on the development of positive attitudes towards their autistic friends. The Club of Life Inclusion: The Program of Developing A Positive Attitude Towards Differentally Developed Children was more effective on 2nd grade students than 1st grade ones. It is observed a meaningful difference on the acceptance of autistics scale between girls and boys on the 1st grade and on the affect scale the same diiference was shown at the 2nd grade. In addition that both the girls from experimental and control groups developed more positive attitudes towards autistics than boys. Another impotant finding of the study was that there was no significant difference among the experimental group students, wheather they were the members of The Club of Life Inclusion or not, to develop more positive attitudes towards the autistics. Key Words: Autism, Attitude, Inclusion, Social Club, Peer Counselling, Peer initiated Strategies
THE EFFECT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A POSITIVE ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE DIFFERENTALLY DEVELOPED CHILDREN PROGRAM ON THE CHANGE OF NORMALLY DEVELOPED STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES On this research it is aimed to know autistic students better by normally developed primary school students and develop a positive attitude towards them by using “The Club of Life Inclusion: The Program of Developing A Positive Attitude Towards Differentally Developed Children. The research was designed according to pre-test and post-test control group experimental model. The sample of the study was composed of two different primary school students, totally 289 subjects from 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th grades and they had no differentally developed class-mate, or relative, or had no contact with a differentally developed person in any case. Also, each school had a Dependent Autistic Children Education Center. To collect the data the Personal Information Form developed by the researcher was used to search the students’ demographic information and also, the Attitude Scale towards the Autistics was used to search normally developed students’ attitudes towards the autistics. The attitudes of experimental and control group students towards autistics were considered in the frame of diffrent variables such as sex, grade, and club membership and the effects of the developed program was discussed. According to the results of the study the normally developed students of the experimental group were significantly different than the normally developed students of control group on the development of positive attitudes towards their autistic friends. The Club of Life Inclusion: The Program of Developing A Positive Attitude Towards Differentally Developed Children was more effective on 2nd grade students than 1st grade ones. It is observed a meaningful difference on the acceptance of autistics scale between girls and boys on the 1st grade and on the affect scale the same diiference was shown at the 2nd grade. In addition that both the girls from experimental and control groups developed more positive attitudes towards autistics than boys. Another impotant finding of the study was that there was no significant difference among the experimental group students, wheather they were the members of The Club of Life Inclusion or not, to develop more positive attitudes towards the autistics. Key Words: Autism, Attitude, Inclusion, Social Club, Peer Counselling, Peer initiated Strategies