Publication: İslam arazi hukukunun oluşumu (ilk hicri asır)
Abstract
ÖZETBu çalışmada İslam devletinin tesis edildiği ilk yüzyıl içerisinde hâkimiyeti altına alıp yönettiği bölgelerde tatbik ettiği arazi hukuku, klasik kaynaklar çerçevesinde günümüz hukuk sistemlerinden ve kaynaklarından da yararlanarak sistematik bir şekilde incelenmiş ve İslam arazi hukukunun temel yapısını ortaya çıkarmak hedeflenmiştir. Arazi hukuku toprak hakkında konulan hüküm ve kaideler olup devlet sınırları dâhilindeki arazilerin mülkiyetini ve kullanılmasını düzenleyen hukuk dalıdır. Modern hukuk sistemlerinde arazi hukukunun yeterince işlenmesine ve kapsam alanının net olarak belirlenmesine karşın İslam hukuku klasik literatüründe arazi hukuku dağınık şekilde ele alınmış, modern çalışmalarda yeteri kadar incelenmemiş ve birçok problem sonuca kavuşturulamamıştır.Bu çalışmada İslam arazi hukukunun oluşumu, Hz. Peygamber ve hulefâ-i râşidîn dönemlerinde fethedilen araziler ve bu arazilerde tatbik edilen uygulamalar çerçevesinde, Roma İmparatorluğu, Sâsânî İmparatorluğu ve İslam’dan önce Arap Yarımadası’ndaki arazi hukuku uygulamaları göz önünde bulundurularak, teorik ve pratik bilgiler doğrultusunda tarihsel gelişimiyle hukuk perspektifinde incelenmiştir.Sonuç olarak Kur’an-ı Kerim’de arazi hukukunun oluşumu ve olgunlaşması bağlamında açık şekilde bilgilerin yer almadığı, İslam arazi hukukunun tekevvün ve tekâmülünün Hz. Peygamber ve ondan sonra gelen halifelerin uygulamaları çerçevesinde, hicri ilk asırda var olan çevre devletlerin hukuk sistemlerinden de etkilenerek oluştuğu gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca İslam devletinde fethedilen arazilerin zamanın siyasi, iktisadi, dini ve sosyal durumuna göre, Müslüman halkın maslahatına en uygun şekilde hükme tâbi olması gerektiği ve bu hükümlerin bölgelere ve devirlere göre farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
ABSTRACTThe main purpose of this thesis is to systematically examine the land law in the regions where the Islamic State has dominated and ruled in the first century, when it was established, in the light of the classic resources by making use of today’s law systems and resources and to reveal the basic structure of Islamic land law. Land law is the bases and provisions regarding the land of the state and the law branch that regulates the ownership and use of the land within the boundaries of the state. While the land law is adequately examined and its scope is apparently designated in modern law, land law in the Islamic classical literature is handled in a scattered way and not studied sufficiently in modern studies and these studies have not been successful in making a conclusion about many problems.In this study, the formation of Islamic land law is examined with a law perspective in terms of the historical development in accordance with the theoretical and practical knowledge, taking into account the land law practices in the Arabian Peninsula before the Islam and the Roman Empire and Sassanid Empire within the scope of the practices applied in the lands where were conquered in the periods of the Prophet of Islam and rashid caliphs and in the framework of these lands.As a result, Islamic land law has taken its form in the light of the practices of the Prophet and the caliphs that followed him also in terms of being influenced by the law systems of the environmental states that existed in the first century as the Holy Qur'an in the context of the formation and maturation of land law does not clearly state the boundaries of information about land law in detail. Additionally, it has been determined that the conquered lands in the Islamic state should be governed by the political, economic, religious and social situation of the time in the most proper way to the arbitration of the Muslim people and these rules differ according to the regions and the time.
ABSTRACTThe main purpose of this thesis is to systematically examine the land law in the regions where the Islamic State has dominated and ruled in the first century, when it was established, in the light of the classic resources by making use of today’s law systems and resources and to reveal the basic structure of Islamic land law. Land law is the bases and provisions regarding the land of the state and the law branch that regulates the ownership and use of the land within the boundaries of the state. While the land law is adequately examined and its scope is apparently designated in modern law, land law in the Islamic classical literature is handled in a scattered way and not studied sufficiently in modern studies and these studies have not been successful in making a conclusion about many problems.In this study, the formation of Islamic land law is examined with a law perspective in terms of the historical development in accordance with the theoretical and practical knowledge, taking into account the land law practices in the Arabian Peninsula before the Islam and the Roman Empire and Sassanid Empire within the scope of the practices applied in the lands where were conquered in the periods of the Prophet of Islam and rashid caliphs and in the framework of these lands.As a result, Islamic land law has taken its form in the light of the practices of the Prophet and the caliphs that followed him also in terms of being influenced by the law systems of the environmental states that existed in the first century as the Holy Qur'an in the context of the formation and maturation of land law does not clearly state the boundaries of information about land law in detail. Additionally, it has been determined that the conquered lands in the Islamic state should be governed by the political, economic, religious and social situation of the time in the most proper way to the arbitration of the Muslim people and these rules differ according to the regions and the time.
Description
Keywords
Arazi Hukuku, Arazi kullanımı, Arazi kullanımı, İslam, Conquests, Dini yönleri, Fetihler, Gayrimenkul mülkiyeti (İslam hukuku), History, Hulefâ-i Râşidîn, Islam, İcar (İslam hukuku), İslam, Land Law, Land tenure (Islamic law), Land titles, Land use, Land use, Islamic, Mülkiyet, Ownership, Rashid Caliphs, Real Property, Real property (Islamic law), Religious aspect, Tarih, Toprak, Toprak mülkiyeti
