Publication: Türkiye'deki havayolu işletmelerinin covid-19 pandemi sürecindeki tepkileri üzerine nitel bir çalışma
Abstract
Günümüz dünyasında işletmeler arasında yoğun bir rekabet yaşanmaktadır. Havayolu işletmeleri de bu yoğun rekabet ortamında karlılığını arttırmaya ve devamlılıklarını sürdürmeye çalışmaktadır. Fakat 2019 yılının son çeyreğinde Çin'in Wuhan şehrinde ortaya çıkan ve tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan COVID-19 salgını ile birlikte ülkeler, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü önerileri kapsamında virüsün bulaştırıcılık oranının çok yüksek olması nedeniyle kendilerini koruma amacıyla hava yolculuklarına kısıtlama getirmişlerdir. Uçuşların durması ile birlikte havayolu taşımacılığı sektörü derinden etkilenmiş, şirketler finansal açıdan zor duruma düşmüştür. Havayolu şirketleri düşmüş oldukları bu zor durumdan kurtulmak ve sektörü yeniden canlandırmak adına müşterilerin korkmadan, güvenli bir şekilde seyahatlerini tamamlamaları için bir takım önlemler almış, bulaş miktarının en aza indirilmesi için çalışmalar yapmışlardır. Bu süreç içerisinde müşterilerin beklenti ve istekleri de göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Havayolu şirketleri müşterilerini tekrar kazanmak adına çok çeşitli uygulamalar geliştirmeye başlamıştır. Bu tezin amacı Türkiye’deki havayolu işletmelerinin COVİD-19 pandemi sürecindeki tepkilerini incelemektir. Bu tezde yöneticiler ile yapılan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler sayesinde havacılık sektörünü ilk defa bu kadar derinden etkileyen pandemi sürecinde işletmelerin vermiş oldukları tepkiler detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiş olup sektörün bu küresel krizden nasıl en az zararla çıkabileceğine dair öngörülerde de bulunulmuştur. Ayrıca bu çalışma ilerleyen zamanlarda karşımıza çıkabilecek yeni hastalıklar ve pandemilerde havayolu işletmelerinin nasıl davranmaları gerektiğine dair örnek teşkil edecektir. Bu çalışma dünyada ilk defa karşılaşılan bir hastalık olan Covid-19’un havacılık sektörüne etkileri üzerine yapılması nedeniyle önem arz etmektedir. Havayolu işletmelerinin yapmış oldukları uygulamaları ve vermiş olduğu tepkileri ölçmek amacıyla şuan Türkiye’de aktif yolcu taşımacılığı faaliyetlerini gerçekleştiren altı havayolu işletmesi üst düzey yöneticileri ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşme metinleri MAXQDA 20 nitel analiz analiz edilmiştir.
There is an intense competition among businesses in our World today. Airline companies, as well, are in a struggle to increase their profitability and maintain their existense in this intensely competitive environment. However with the Covid-10 pandemic emerged in Wuhan city of China in the last quarter of 2019, which affected the whole World, countries have restricted their air travel to protect themselves within the scope of World Health Organization’s recommendations due to the very high transmission rate of the virus. Air transport industry has been deeply affected and the companies have faced with financial difficulties with the cessation of flights. In order to manage this challenging situation and boost the industy, airline companies have taken some precautions to help their customers to travel safely without any fear, and have worked on ways to minimize the transmission rate as possible. In this process, the expectations and requests of the customers were taken into consideration. Airline companies have begun to develop a wide range of practises to regain their customers. The aim of this thesis is to examine the reactions of airline companies in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic process. In this thesis, thanks to the semi-structured interviews with the managers, the reactions of the enterprises during the pandemic process, which affected the aviation industry so deeply for the first time, were examined in detail, and predictions were made about how the industry could get out of this global crisis with the least damage. In addition, this study will set an example for how airline operators should behave in new diseases and pandemics that may come up in the future. The importance of this study is being a research on the impact of Covid-19, a disease that the World has ever encountered, on air transport industry. In order to measure practices and reactions of the airline companies, interviews were conducted with the senior managers of six airline companies that are currently active in passenger transportation activities in Turkey. Interview texts were analyzed with the MAXQDA 20 qualitative analysis program.
There is an intense competition among businesses in our World today. Airline companies, as well, are in a struggle to increase their profitability and maintain their existense in this intensely competitive environment. However with the Covid-10 pandemic emerged in Wuhan city of China in the last quarter of 2019, which affected the whole World, countries have restricted their air travel to protect themselves within the scope of World Health Organization’s recommendations due to the very high transmission rate of the virus. Air transport industry has been deeply affected and the companies have faced with financial difficulties with the cessation of flights. In order to manage this challenging situation and boost the industy, airline companies have taken some precautions to help their customers to travel safely without any fear, and have worked on ways to minimize the transmission rate as possible. In this process, the expectations and requests of the customers were taken into consideration. Airline companies have begun to develop a wide range of practises to regain their customers. The aim of this thesis is to examine the reactions of airline companies in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic process. In this thesis, thanks to the semi-structured interviews with the managers, the reactions of the enterprises during the pandemic process, which affected the aviation industry so deeply for the first time, were examined in detail, and predictions were made about how the industry could get out of this global crisis with the least damage. In addition, this study will set an example for how airline operators should behave in new diseases and pandemics that may come up in the future. The importance of this study is being a research on the impact of Covid-19, a disease that the World has ever encountered, on air transport industry. In order to measure practices and reactions of the airline companies, interviews were conducted with the senior managers of six airline companies that are currently active in passenger transportation activities in Turkey. Interview texts were analyzed with the MAXQDA 20 qualitative analysis program.