Publication: Sosyal bilgiler eğitimi lisansüstü akreditasyon standartlarının belirlenmesi: Eğitim programı ve öğretim standart alanı
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Dünya üzerinde XX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren güven ve sorumluluk kavramlarına yapılan
vurgunun artması sonucunda yükseköğretim kurumları merkezi yapıdan uzaklaşarak özerk bir statüye
kavuşmuştur. Buna bağlı olarak yükseköğretim kurumlarının sorumlulukları artmış ve bu durum
“yükseköğretimde kalite” konusu üzerine yoğunlaşılmasına neden olmuştur. XXI. yüzyılda ulus
devletler ve uluslararası kuruluşlar dinamik/etkin bir bilgi toplumu ve ekonomisi oluşturma yönünde
çalışmalara ağırlık vermeye başlamıştır. Bu doğrultuda kabul görmüş belirli standartlar ile kalite
güvence kültürünün oluşturulmasına yönelik yapılanmalar başlamıştır. Evrensel standartlara uygunluk
ise uluslararasılaşma kavramına önemli bir misyon yüklemiştir. Kavram yükseköğretim kurumlarının
amaç, hedef, işlev ve sunumuna uluslararası bir boyut kazandıran çok perspektifli bir süreç olarak kabul
görmektedir. Lisansüstü eğitim ise yükseköğretim kurumlarında uluslararasılaşma faaliyetlerinde
önemli bir misyona sahiptir. Lisansüstü çalışmalara yön veren enstitüler tarafından koordine edilen
lisansüstü eğitim, yüksek lisans ve doktora programlarını kapsamaktadır. Yükseköğretim ve lisansüstü
eğitimde meydana gelen gelişmeler sonucunda eğitimin niteliğinin arttırılarak kalite güvencesinin
sağlanması amacıyla pek çok ülkede bağımsız akreditasyon kuruluşları faaliyete geçmiştir.
Akreditasyon; bir kurumun veya programın önceden belirlenmiş standartlara göre bağımsız bir
akreditasyon kuruluşu tarafından iç ve dış denetiminin yapılarak kalite güvencesinin sertifikalandırıldığı
bir süreçtir. Bu sürecin en önemli kavramlarından biri ise standartlardır. Standart ise
uzmanların/değerlendiricilerin ölçme ve değerlendirme sürecine rehberlik eden temel bir ilkedir. Bu
araştırma Türkiye’de herhangi bir alanda lisansüstü akreditasyon faaliyetinin gerçekleştirilmemesi
nedeniyle Sosyal Bilgiler eğitimi lisansüstü programının “eğitim programı ve öğretim” adlı birinci
standart alanının kalite güvence sistemi alt standartlarının belirlenmesi ve Türkiye’de lisansüstü
akreditasyon faaliyetlerinin başlaması için bir model önerisi sunmak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu
araştırma tarama modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak doküman incelemesi ve delphi
tekniği kullanılmıştır. Doküman incelemesi tekniği doğrultusunda 12 ülkeden 27 akreditasyon
kuruluşunun lisans ve lisansüstü standartları incelenmiştir. Ayrıca Almanya’nın Saksonya bölgesinin
doktora programı standartları, AB lisans standartları ve bölgesel kalite kuruluşlarının standartları ele
alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile çözümlenmiştir. Amerika ve Avrupa’da şemsiye
akreditasyon kuruluşlarına üye kalite güvence kuruluşlarının lisans ve lisansüstü (doktora programı)
akreditasyon standartları incelenerek Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi lisansüstü akreditasyon standartları
hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan standartlar Delphi tekniği ile uzman görüşlerine sunulmuş ve 47 uzmandan
gelen geri dönüşler doğrultusunda standartlar revizyone edilmiştir. II. Delphi turu sonucunda standartlar üzerinde büyük çoğunlukta uzman görüşü sağlanmıştır. 3 alt standardın eklenmesi sonucu hazırlanan
standartlar III. kez hazırlanan anketle yeniden katılımcı görüşlerine sunulmuş ve eklenen yeni standartlar
üzerinde de uzman görüşü sağlanmıştır. Eğitim programı ve öğretim adlı ilk standart alanında 25 alt
standart belirlenmiştir.
Since the second half of the 20th century, as the emphasis on concepts such as accountability, transparency, trust, responsibility, quality assurance and autonomy has increased worldwide, higher education institutions have moved away from the central structure and attained an autonomous status. As a result of this development, the responsibilities of higher education institutions have increased and the concern of "quality in higher education" has started to come to the fore. In the 21st century, international organizations and universities have started to work towards the goal of creating a dynamic and effective information society and economy. These studies have led to the emergence of structures for the creation of a quality assurance culture based on certain standards that are accepted by everyone. In these structures, the importance given to the concept of compliance with universal standards and internationalization has increased. The concept of internationalization is accepted as a multi-perspective process that adds an international dimension to the purpose, function, and presentation of higher education institutions. Postgraduate education, on the other hand, has an important mission in internationalization activities in higher education institutions. It includes graduate education, master's and doctorate programs coordinated by the institutes. Accreditation is a process in which quality assurance is certified by an independent accreditation body by an independent accreditation body, according to predetermined standards. One of the most important concepts of this process is standards. Standard is a fundamental principle that guides the assessment and evaluation process of experts and evaluators. This study was carried out in order to determine the quality assurance system sub-standards of the first standard area of the Social Studies education graduate program, named "education program and teaching", since the postgraduate accreditation activity in higher education in Turkey has not yet started. The study offers a model proposal for the start of postgraduate accreditation activities in Turkey. Document analysis and delphi technique were used in the study. In line with the document review technique, the undergraduate and graduate standards of 27 accreditation bodies from 12 countries were examined. In the study, the doctoral program standards of the Saxony region of Germany, the EU license standards and the standards of regional quality institutions were also discussed. Research data were analyzed by content analysis method. As a result of the study, the undergraduate and graduate (doctorate program) accreditation standards of quality assurance institutions that are members of umbrella accreditation organizations in America and Europe were examined and Social Studies Education graduate accreditation standards were prepared. Prepared standards were presented to expert opinions with the Delphi technique and the standards were revised in line with the feedback from 47 experts. As a result of the With the addition of 3 sub-standards based on the feedback, the standards were presented to the opinions of the participants again with the questionnaire prepared for the third time, and expert opinion was provided on the new standards added. As a result of the study, 25 sub-standards were determined in the first standard area called curriculum and instruction.
Since the second half of the 20th century, as the emphasis on concepts such as accountability, transparency, trust, responsibility, quality assurance and autonomy has increased worldwide, higher education institutions have moved away from the central structure and attained an autonomous status. As a result of this development, the responsibilities of higher education institutions have increased and the concern of "quality in higher education" has started to come to the fore. In the 21st century, international organizations and universities have started to work towards the goal of creating a dynamic and effective information society and economy. These studies have led to the emergence of structures for the creation of a quality assurance culture based on certain standards that are accepted by everyone. In these structures, the importance given to the concept of compliance with universal standards and internationalization has increased. The concept of internationalization is accepted as a multi-perspective process that adds an international dimension to the purpose, function, and presentation of higher education institutions. Postgraduate education, on the other hand, has an important mission in internationalization activities in higher education institutions. It includes graduate education, master's and doctorate programs coordinated by the institutes. Accreditation is a process in which quality assurance is certified by an independent accreditation body by an independent accreditation body, according to predetermined standards. One of the most important concepts of this process is standards. Standard is a fundamental principle that guides the assessment and evaluation process of experts and evaluators. This study was carried out in order to determine the quality assurance system sub-standards of the first standard area of the Social Studies education graduate program, named "education program and teaching", since the postgraduate accreditation activity in higher education in Turkey has not yet started. The study offers a model proposal for the start of postgraduate accreditation activities in Turkey. Document analysis and delphi technique were used in the study. In line with the document review technique, the undergraduate and graduate standards of 27 accreditation bodies from 12 countries were examined. In the study, the doctoral program standards of the Saxony region of Germany, the EU license standards and the standards of regional quality institutions were also discussed. Research data were analyzed by content analysis method. As a result of the study, the undergraduate and graduate (doctorate program) accreditation standards of quality assurance institutions that are members of umbrella accreditation organizations in America and Europe were examined and Social Studies Education graduate accreditation standards were prepared. Prepared standards were presented to expert opinions with the Delphi technique and the standards were revised in line with the feedback from 47 experts. As a result of the With the addition of 3 sub-standards based on the feedback, the standards were presented to the opinions of the participants again with the questionnaire prepared for the third time, and expert opinion was provided on the new standards added. As a result of the study, 25 sub-standards were determined in the first standard area called curriculum and instruction.
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Citation
ELÇİÇEĞİ B., YILMAZ K., \"Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Lisansüstü Akreditasyon Standartlarının Belirlenmesi: Eğitim Programı ve Öğretim Standart Alanı\", 10. ULUSLARARASI SOSYAL BİLGİLER EĞİTİMİ SEMPOZYUMU, Rize, Türkiye, 09 Haziran 2022
