Publication: Identification of candidate biomarkers and potential therapeutics for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through systems biology approaches
Abstract
İdiyopatik pulmoner fibrozis (İPF), etiyolojisi bilinmeyen, akciğer skarlaşması, aşırı hücre dışı matriks birikimi, akciğer fonksiyon kaybı ile karakterize edilen kronik ve ilerleyici bir hastalıktır. İPF'nin arkasındaki moleküler mekanizmalar hala belirsizliğini korumaktadır ve patogenezinin anlaşılması yeni terapötik stratejilerin geliştirilmesinde etkili olabilir. Bu tezin amacı, İPF tedavisi için yeni moleküler işaretçileri ve potansiyel ilaçları belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, İPF transkriptom verilerinin meta-analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Spesifik olarak, anlatımı önemli ölçüde değişim gösteren genler (DEG'ler), zenginleşen yolak ve prosesler belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, bu veri insan biyolojik ağları ile birleştirilerek sistem düzeyinde biyobelirteçler belirlenmiştir. DEG'ler etrafında protein-protein etkileşim ağları kurulmuş ve ağların analiziyle 12 çekirdek protein tespit edilmiştir. İşaretçi metabolitler, transkripsiyon faktörleri (TF'ler) ve miRNA'lar, transkriptom verilerinin sırasıyla genom ölçekli metabolik ve transkripsiyonel düzenleyici ağlarla bütünleşik analiziyle saptanmıştır. Kalp kası kasılması ve enfeksiyon hastalıları yolaklarında hem mRNA, hem de metabolit seviyelerinde önemli değişiklikler gözlenmiştir. Ek olarak, çekirdek proteinler ile işaretçi düzenleyici elemanlar arasındaki ilişkilere dayanarak yedi gen (EP AS1, P AK4, SPTBN1, ESR2, HSP A4L, NGFR, TMPRSS4), bir TF (STAT5B) ve 10 miRNA (let-7e-5p, miR-145-5p, miR-195-5p, miR- 3613-3p, miR-383-3p, miR-3914, miR-4284, miR-4649-3p, miR-6507-3p and miR- 7977) anahtar moleküller olarak öne çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, ilaç yeniden konumlandırma çalışmalarıyla anti-fibrotik, anti-inflamatuar ve anti-kanser ilaçları dahil olmak üzere toplam 21 aday ilaç belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma İPF için moleküller işaretçileri ve potansiyel ilaçları ortaya çıkarmış ve sistem tabanlı yaklaşımların hastalık patogenezini anlamak, tanısal ve prognostik biyobelirteçleri belirlemek için güçlü araçlar olduğuna dair daha fazla kanıt sağlamıştır.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive disease with an unknown etiology characterised by lung scarring, excessive extracellular matrix deposition, loss of lung function. The molecular mechanisms behind IPF still remains unclear, and understanding its pathogenesis could be effective in developing novel therapeutic strategies. The aim of this thesis was to identify new molecular signatures and potential drugs for IPF treatment. For this purpose, meta-analysis of transcriptome data of IPF was performed. Specifically, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways and processes were identified. Moreover, systems-level biomarkers were identified by combining these data with human biological networks. Protein-protein interaction networks around DEGs were reconstructed and network analysis revealed 12 hub proteins. Reporter metabolites, and transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs were identified by integrating transcriptome data with genome-scale metabolic and transcriptional regulatory networks, respectively. Significant changes in cardiac muscle contraction and infectious diasease pathways were observed in both mRNA and metabolite levels. In addition, seven genes (EPAS1, PAK4, SPTBN1, ESR2, HSPA4L, NGFR, TMPRSS4), one TF (STAT5B), and 10 miRNAs (let-7e-5p, miR-145-5p, miR- 195-5p, miR-3613-3p, miR-383-3p, miR-3914, miR-4284, miR-4649-3p, miR-6507-3p and miR-7977) came to the fore as key molecules based on the associations between hub proteins and reporter regulatory elements. Furthermore, a total of 21 candidate drugs, including anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer drugs, were identified by drug repositioning. In conclusion, this study revealed molecular signatures and potential drugs for IPF and provided further evidence that system-based approaches are powerful tools to understand disease pathogenesis and to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive disease with an unknown etiology characterised by lung scarring, excessive extracellular matrix deposition, loss of lung function. The molecular mechanisms behind IPF still remains unclear, and understanding its pathogenesis could be effective in developing novel therapeutic strategies. The aim of this thesis was to identify new molecular signatures and potential drugs for IPF treatment. For this purpose, meta-analysis of transcriptome data of IPF was performed. Specifically, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways and processes were identified. Moreover, systems-level biomarkers were identified by combining these data with human biological networks. Protein-protein interaction networks around DEGs were reconstructed and network analysis revealed 12 hub proteins. Reporter metabolites, and transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs were identified by integrating transcriptome data with genome-scale metabolic and transcriptional regulatory networks, respectively. Significant changes in cardiac muscle contraction and infectious diasease pathways were observed in both mRNA and metabolite levels. In addition, seven genes (EPAS1, PAK4, SPTBN1, ESR2, HSPA4L, NGFR, TMPRSS4), one TF (STAT5B), and 10 miRNAs (let-7e-5p, miR-145-5p, miR- 195-5p, miR-3613-3p, miR-383-3p, miR-3914, miR-4284, miR-4649-3p, miR-6507-3p and miR-7977) came to the fore as key molecules based on the associations between hub proteins and reporter regulatory elements. Furthermore, a total of 21 candidate drugs, including anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer drugs, were identified by drug repositioning. In conclusion, this study revealed molecular signatures and potential drugs for IPF and provided further evidence that system-based approaches are powerful tools to understand disease pathogenesis and to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Description
Keywords
Aday ilaçlar Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), Bioinformatics, Biomarkers, Biyobelirteçler, Biyoinformatik, Candidate drugs, Human Biological Networks, İdiyopatik Pulmoner Fibrozis (İPF), İnsan Biyolojik Ağları, Pulmonary Fibrosis, Pulmoner Fibroz, Sistem Biyolojisi, Systems Biology, Transcriptomics, Transkriptomik
