Publication: Sosyal değişme sürecinde Türkiye’de güreş sporunun toplumsal dinamikleri
Abstract
SOSYAL DEĞİŞME SÜRECİNDE TÜRKİYE’DE GÜREŞ SPORUNUN TOPLUMSAL DİNAMİKLERİ ÖZET Bu araştırmada, güreşin toplumdaki yeri, farklı toplumsal kesimlerin güreşle ilgili tutumları, bu tutumların yaş, cinsiyet, gelir, eğitim ve kentleşme düzeyleriyle ilişkileri, geleneksel ve modern güreş formlarına yaklaşım farklılıkları, güreşle ilgili bilgi düzeyleri belirlenmeye çalışılmış, elde edilen bulgular Türkiye’nin makro değişim süreçleriyle ilişkilendirilmeye çalışılarak güreşin ülkemizde kabul düzeyinin artması ve gelişimi için şimdiden önerilerin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, nitel ve nicel veri toplama yöntemleri birlikte kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunda anket, Bursa ili, merkez, ilçe ve köylerinde toplam 1135 kişiye (kadın, erkek) uygulanmıştır. Anket tekniğiyle toplumun güreşle ilişkisi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel kısmında ise mülakat tekniği Türkiye genelinde toplam 24 kişilik güreş ve spor uzmanı grubuna uygulanmıştır. Uzmanların konu ile ilgili görüşleri alınarak, konu derinlemesine incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin incelenmesi sonucunda, sosyal değişme sürecine bağlı olarak toplumsal, ekonomik ve kültürel değişimin etkisi ile toplumda güreş sporuna ilginin azaldığı, ancak toplumla güreş arasında manevi bağın sevgi ve sahiplenme düzeyinde devamlılığı görülmüştür. Yine erkeklerin güreş sporuna daha ilgili olduğu, ileri yaş düzeyinde olanların ilgi düzeylerinin önceliği ve eğitim düzeyi yüksek olanların güreşe daha çok ilgili oldukları belirlenmiştir. Bununla beraber, gelir düzeyi ve kentleşme düzeylerinde genel olarak güreşe ilginin modern ve gelenekse türlerine göre farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca katılımcıların çocuklarını genelde güreşe yöneltmedikleri, ancak çocuklarının güreş yapma istekleri karşısında genel olarak olumlu tutum içinde oldukları belirlenmiştir. Bayan güreşine ise toplumun olumlu bakmadığı ve toplumda güreşin erkeksi bir spor olarak görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. SOCIAL DYNAMICS OF WRESTLING IN THE PROCESS OF SOCIAL CHANGE IN TURKEY SÜLEYMAN ŞAHİN
In this study, place of the wrestling in society, attitudes of the various social sections to wrestling, relations of these attitudes with age, sex, income, education and level of urbanisation, their approaches to the traditional and modern wrestling forms and their level of information about wrestling are determined. A relation between obtained data and Turkey's macro changing processes are established. In addition, it is aimed to present recommendations in order to increase the acceptation rate of wrestling and its development in Turkey. In this study, qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection are used together. With regard to qualitative aspects of this study, a questionnaire applied totally 1135 person (male and female) from centre, towns and villages of Bursa. Relationship beteen the society and wrestling is tried to determine by the method of questionnaire. In the qualitative part of the study interview technic is applied to a group consisting of 24 specialists of wrestling and sport. Subject is investigated deeply through these views of the specialists. As a result of examination of the obtained data, it is found that due to the effect of social, economic and cultural changes, rate of interest to the wrestling decreased but between wrestling and society a spiritual relation continues, thus wrestling is loved and evaluated as our own sport. Again it is determined that males, elderly and highly educated individuals much more interested with it. However, it is observed that interest in modern and traditional forms of wrestling generally differentiates in accordance to the income and urbanisation levels. In addition, it is determined that participants don't direct their children toward wrestling, but in general, they have a positive attitude in terms of their children who want to wrest. Also it is found that society regards wrestling of females not as beneficial, since it is evaluated as a masculine sport.
In this study, place of the wrestling in society, attitudes of the various social sections to wrestling, relations of these attitudes with age, sex, income, education and level of urbanisation, their approaches to the traditional and modern wrestling forms and their level of information about wrestling are determined. A relation between obtained data and Turkey's macro changing processes are established. In addition, it is aimed to present recommendations in order to increase the acceptation rate of wrestling and its development in Turkey. In this study, qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection are used together. With regard to qualitative aspects of this study, a questionnaire applied totally 1135 person (male and female) from centre, towns and villages of Bursa. Relationship beteen the society and wrestling is tried to determine by the method of questionnaire. In the qualitative part of the study interview technic is applied to a group consisting of 24 specialists of wrestling and sport. Subject is investigated deeply through these views of the specialists. As a result of examination of the obtained data, it is found that due to the effect of social, economic and cultural changes, rate of interest to the wrestling decreased but between wrestling and society a spiritual relation continues, thus wrestling is loved and evaluated as our own sport. Again it is determined that males, elderly and highly educated individuals much more interested with it. However, it is observed that interest in modern and traditional forms of wrestling generally differentiates in accordance to the income and urbanisation levels. In addition, it is determined that participants don't direct their children toward wrestling, but in general, they have a positive attitude in terms of their children who want to wrest. Also it is found that society regards wrestling of females not as beneficial, since it is evaluated as a masculine sport.