Publication: Fethu’l-Bari’de ihtilaflı hadislerin değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
FETHU’L-BÂRÎ’DE İHTİLÂFLI HADİSLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ İbn Hacer’in ihtilâflı hadislerle ilgili değerlendirmelerine yer verdiğimiz bu araştırmamız, bir giriş ve dört bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş bölümünde, İbn Hacer’in hayatı ve eserleri hakkında genel bilgi verilmiş; müellifin en önemli eseri ve tezimizin temel kaynağı olan Fethu’l-Bârî tanıtılmıştır. Bu bölümde İhtilâfü’l-hadis’le ilgili verilerek Fethu’l-Barî’nin İhtilâfü’l-hadis ilmi açısından önemine değinilmiştir. Birinci bölümde, hadisler arasındaki ihtilâfı giderme yollarından en önemlisi ve birincisi olan cem’ ve telif konusu ele alınmıştır. Cem’ ve telifin tarifi ve gerçekleşme şartları açıklanmış, cem’ ve telif metotları olan tahsis, takyid, beyan ve haml konuları hakkında bilgi verilerek bunların her biriyle ilgili Fethu’l-Bârî’den pek çok örnek verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde, hadisçilerin usûlüne göre ihtilâfı giderme yollarından ikincisi olan nesih konusu işlenmiştir. Neshin tarifi, hükmü, gerçekleşme şartları, maksat ve hikmetleri, neshi bilmenin önemi, neshin bilinme yolları gibi konular ele alındıktan sonra neshin çeşitleri belirtilmiş ve her biriyle ilgili Fethu’l-Bârî’de tesbit edilen örnekler zikredilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde, cem’ ve telif metodu ile uzlaştırılamayan ve aralarında nesih de cereyan etmeyen ihtilâflı hadislerin çözümünde başvurulan tercih metodu incelenmiştir. Tercihin tarifi, maksadı, hükmü, gerçekleşme şartları ile ilgili verildikten sonra sened, metin, hüküm ve haricî nedenler başlıkları altında tercih sebepleri konusu, tesbit edilen örneklerle işlenmiştir. Dördüncü ve son bölümde ise hadisler arasındaki ihtilâfı gidermek için başvurulan yolların son aşaması olarak kabul edilen tevakkuf konusuna yer verilmiştir. Bu konu, tevakkufun tanımı, tevakkufla ilgili terimler, tevakkufun sistem olarak değeri ve Hz. Peygamber ve sahâbeden tevakkuf örnekleri gibi başlıklar altında işlenmiştir. Bu bölümde son olarak da Fethu’l-Bârî’de tesbit edilen tevakkuf örneklerine yer verilmiştir. Sonuç’ta ise araştırma sonucunda vardığımız neticeler belirtilmiştir. Hacer, Fethu’l-Bârî, İhtilâfü’l-hadis, cem’ ve telif, tahsis, takyid, beyan, haml, nesih, tercih, tevakkuf
THE EVALUATION OF CONTRADICTORY NARRATIONS IN FATH AL-BARI Our study comprises of an introduction and four chapters. The introduction gives general information about the life and works of Ibn Hajar in general, along with Fath al-Bari, his most famous work and the main subject of our study. In addition, there is general information about the issue of contradictory narrations and the significance of Fath al-Bari in the discipline of hadith. The first chapter deals with the issue of jam and talif, the first and foremost method of solving contradictions between narrations. Definitions and conditions of jam and ta’lif are given and their subtopics such as tahsis, taqyid, bayan, and haml are explained with many examples from Fath al-Bari. The second chapter deals with the issue of nash, the second method of solving contradictory narrations. Nash is explained with respect to its definition, conditions, purposes, wisdoms, significance of knowing the nash, and the ways to know it. After that, types of nash are given together with the examples found in Fath al-Bari. The third chapter deals with the issue of “preference,” the method which is employed at solving contradictory narrations that cannot be solved with jam and talif and no nash exists. The method of preference is explained with respect to its definition, purpose, nature, and conditions. After that, subtopics of preference such as sanad (chain of narration), text, judgment conveyed, and external factors are explained with reference to existing examples. The fourth and final chapter deals with the method of tawaqquf, the final one employed to solve contradictory narrations. Tawaqquf is explained with respect to its definition, terminology, its value as a system, and practical examples from the Prophet and his Companions. Finally, examples of tawaqquf found in Fath al-Bari are related. The study ends with the conclusive remarks. Ibn Hajar, Fath al-Bari, ikhtilaf al-hadith, Jam and ta’lif, tahsis, taqyid, bayan, haml, nash, preference, tawaqquf.
THE EVALUATION OF CONTRADICTORY NARRATIONS IN FATH AL-BARI Our study comprises of an introduction and four chapters. The introduction gives general information about the life and works of Ibn Hajar in general, along with Fath al-Bari, his most famous work and the main subject of our study. In addition, there is general information about the issue of contradictory narrations and the significance of Fath al-Bari in the discipline of hadith. The first chapter deals with the issue of jam and talif, the first and foremost method of solving contradictions between narrations. Definitions and conditions of jam and ta’lif are given and their subtopics such as tahsis, taqyid, bayan, and haml are explained with many examples from Fath al-Bari. The second chapter deals with the issue of nash, the second method of solving contradictory narrations. Nash is explained with respect to its definition, conditions, purposes, wisdoms, significance of knowing the nash, and the ways to know it. After that, types of nash are given together with the examples found in Fath al-Bari. The third chapter deals with the issue of “preference,” the method which is employed at solving contradictory narrations that cannot be solved with jam and talif and no nash exists. The method of preference is explained with respect to its definition, purpose, nature, and conditions. After that, subtopics of preference such as sanad (chain of narration), text, judgment conveyed, and external factors are explained with reference to existing examples. The fourth and final chapter deals with the method of tawaqquf, the final one employed to solve contradictory narrations. Tawaqquf is explained with respect to its definition, terminology, its value as a system, and practical examples from the Prophet and his Companions. Finally, examples of tawaqquf found in Fath al-Bari are related. The study ends with the conclusive remarks. Ibn Hajar, Fath al-Bari, ikhtilaf al-hadith, Jam and ta’lif, tahsis, taqyid, bayan, haml, nash, preference, tawaqquf.