Publication: Kentsel yenileme ve İstanbul : Tarlabaşı örneği
Abstract
Kentlerin eskiyen, çöküntü alanı haline gelmiş olan bölümlerinin yenilenerek kentle yeniden entegrasyonunu; bir başka ifade ile kente tekrar geri kazandırılmasını sağlayan kentsel yenileme, günümüzde kent yönetimleri tarafından sıkça kullanılmaktadır. Küreselleşen dünyada, rekabet içine giren kentlerin kullandığı bir strateji haline gelen kentsel yenileme uygulamaları sonrasında soylulaştırma ortaya çıkmakta ve bu da kentin kentsel yenilemeye konu olan alanında yaşayan yoksul grupları olumsuz etkilemektedir. Proje sonrasında yenilenen alana gelir düzeyi daha yüksek gruplar gelirken, daha önce alanda yaşayan gelir düzeyi daha düşük gruplar bu alanı terk etmek zorunda kalmaktadır. Türkiye’deki kentsel yenileme uygulamalarının öncü şehri olan İstanbul’da devam eden Tarlabaşı Yenileme Projesi; ortaya çıkışı, uygulama süreci ve yenileme alanında yaşayanlara etkileri bakımından küreselleşmeyle birlikte bir strateji haline gelen kentsel yenileme uygulamalarının çarpıcı bir örneğidir. Bu çalışmada Tarlabaşı Yenileme Projesi’nin, ortaya çıkış ve uygulama süreci çok sayıda araştırmada elde edilmiş bulgular ve derlenmiş verilerin yanında birincil kaynak olarak, Tarlabaşı Yenileme Alanı’nda 2008-2009 öğretim yılından itibaren üç yıla yakın bir süredir yapılan katılımcı gözlemler yoluyla incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Kentsel Yenileme, Kentsel Dönüşüm, Küreselleşme, Soylulaştırma, Tarlabaşı.
The renewal of the parts of the cities which become older and take destroyed shape and its reintegration with the city, in other words, the urban renewal which ensures acquiring it into the city again, is being used frequently by the city managements today. In globalizing world, the gentrification occurs following the urban renewal applications which has become a strategy which used by the cities which are involved in competition and this negatively affects the poor groups that live in the area which is subject of the urban renewal in the city. While the groups with higher income groups come to the area renewed following the project, the groups with the lower income groups living in the area previously are obliged to leave this area in the end. Tarlabaşı Renewal Project which continues in Istanbul which is the pioneer city of the urban renewal applications in Turkey is a significant example of the urban renewal applications which became a strategy together with the globalization with regard to its effects on the people living in the renewal area as well as its appearance and process of application. In this study, the appearance and process of application of the Tarlabaşı Renewal Project are tried to be examined by means of the participant observations which have been carried out for about three (3) years period of time beginning from the Academic Year of 2008-2009 in the Tarlabaşı Renewal Project, as a primary resource in addition to the findings obtained and the data compiled in numerous researches. Key Words: Urban Renewal, Urban Transformation, Globalization, Gentrification, Tarlabaşı.
The renewal of the parts of the cities which become older and take destroyed shape and its reintegration with the city, in other words, the urban renewal which ensures acquiring it into the city again, is being used frequently by the city managements today. In globalizing world, the gentrification occurs following the urban renewal applications which has become a strategy which used by the cities which are involved in competition and this negatively affects the poor groups that live in the area which is subject of the urban renewal in the city. While the groups with higher income groups come to the area renewed following the project, the groups with the lower income groups living in the area previously are obliged to leave this area in the end. Tarlabaşı Renewal Project which continues in Istanbul which is the pioneer city of the urban renewal applications in Turkey is a significant example of the urban renewal applications which became a strategy together with the globalization with regard to its effects on the people living in the renewal area as well as its appearance and process of application. In this study, the appearance and process of application of the Tarlabaşı Renewal Project are tried to be examined by means of the participant observations which have been carried out for about three (3) years period of time beginning from the Academic Year of 2008-2009 in the Tarlabaşı Renewal Project, as a primary resource in addition to the findings obtained and the data compiled in numerous researches. Key Words: Urban Renewal, Urban Transformation, Globalization, Gentrification, Tarlabaşı.