Publication: 5237 sayılı türk ceza kanunu’nda işgence suçu
Abstract
5237 SAYILI TÜRK CEZA KANUNU’NDA İŞKENCE SUÇU ÖZET En ağır insan hakları ihlallerinden olan işkence insanlık tarihinin başlangıcından günümüze değin uygulanan insanlığın çözemediği bir sorun olarak güncelliğini korumaktadır. İşkence kavramı ile kişinin fiziki olarak, resmi kişilerin elinde bulunduğu sırada, bu kişiler tarafından belirli bir amaca yönelik ve bilinçli olarak uygulanan acı ve ıstırap veren hareketlerle kişinin iradesinin yok edilmesi kastedilmektedir. İnsan haklarını korumak için ulusal düzeyde çıkarılan kanunlar işkenceyi önlemede yetersiz kalınca uluslararası andlaşmalarla işkence yasaklanıp denetleyici nitelikte uluslararası koruma mekanizmaları kurularak işkence önlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Türkiye, mevzuatında işkence yasağı ile ilgili çok sayıda düzenleme yapmasına, uluslararası birçok sözleşmeye taraf olmasına, insan hakları hukukunun kurumsallaştırdığı mekanizmaların denetimine tabi olmasına rağmen, başta AİHM’nin Türkiye aleyhine verdiği kararlar olmak üzere, ulusal ve uluslararası kurumların Türkiye’deki işkence uygulamaları hakkında somut verilere dayanarak düzenledikleri raporlarla ülkemizdeki işkence gerçeği tespit edilmektedir. 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun 94. maddesi ve 95. maddesinde yer alan en önemli insan hakları ihlallerinden olan işkence suçunu incelediğimiz çalışmamızda, işkence suçunun uluslararası belgelerde düzenlenmesine değinildikten sonra, işkence suçunun Türk Ceza Hukuku sisteminde hukuki olarak incelenmesi yapılmıştır. Tezimizde, Yargıtay kararlarından Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi ve Komisyonu kararlarından, uluslararası ve ulusal kurumlar tarafından düzenlenen raporlardan yararlanılmış ve işkencenin önlenmesine ilişkin önerilere yer verilmiştir. THE CRIME OF TORTURE IN THE TURKISH CRIMINAL LAW BY THE RULE NO. 5237 SEV BAKIM
Torture, which is one of the most serious violations to human rights has been present since the beginning of humanity and has been a current problem, humanity has not been able to solve. By the torture concept it’s meant that human being’s volition being destroyed towards an objective and by applying intentionally painful and suffering acts by official people, while he is being physically kept by these people. Torture has been tried to be prevented by prohibiting torture with international conventions and establishing inspective international protection mechanisms when national laws were insufficient to prevent torture. Although Turkey, has made a lot of regulations about the prohibition of torture in its instruments, has been a party in many international conventions, has been under control of mechanisms institutionalized by the law of human rights, national and international institutions’ reports based on concrete datum about torture acts in Turkey, especially European Court of Human Rights’ (ECHR) verdict aganist Turkey, determine torture truth in our country. One of the most important violations to human rights, torture, is examined in the Articles 94 and 95 of the Turkish Criminal Law, No. 5237. In our study, we review arrangement of torture crime in international instruments and explain torture crime in Turkish Criminal Law in legal point of view. In our thesis, we used decisions of the Yargıtay (Turkish high council for civil judiciary), decisions of the European Human Rights Court and Council, reports presented by international and national institutions and provide suggestions to prevent torture.
Torture, which is one of the most serious violations to human rights has been present since the beginning of humanity and has been a current problem, humanity has not been able to solve. By the torture concept it’s meant that human being’s volition being destroyed towards an objective and by applying intentionally painful and suffering acts by official people, while he is being physically kept by these people. Torture has been tried to be prevented by prohibiting torture with international conventions and establishing inspective international protection mechanisms when national laws were insufficient to prevent torture. Although Turkey, has made a lot of regulations about the prohibition of torture in its instruments, has been a party in many international conventions, has been under control of mechanisms institutionalized by the law of human rights, national and international institutions’ reports based on concrete datum about torture acts in Turkey, especially European Court of Human Rights’ (ECHR) verdict aganist Turkey, determine torture truth in our country. One of the most important violations to human rights, torture, is examined in the Articles 94 and 95 of the Turkish Criminal Law, No. 5237. In our study, we review arrangement of torture crime in international instruments and explain torture crime in Turkish Criminal Law in legal point of view. In our thesis, we used decisions of the Yargıtay (Turkish high council for civil judiciary), decisions of the European Human Rights Court and Council, reports presented by international and national institutions and provide suggestions to prevent torture.