Publication: Türkiye’de toplumsal kimlik ve bellek inşası : Kutü’l Amare zaferi örneği
Abstract
Osmanlı mirası ve geleneğini canlandırmaya dair politikalar, bugün kimlik ve bellek inşasına dair yeni bir siyasi eğilimin parçası olarak görülmektedir. Yeni Osmanlıcılık olarak adlandırılan ve günümüzde de varlığını sürdüren bu politikalar, Kemalist ulus inşa projesine alternatif bir şekilde ve Osmanlı geçmişine ve mirasına atıflarla nostaljik bir söylem oluşturmaktadır. Cumhuriyet döneminde ötekileştirilen Osmanlı geçmişi, sık sık hatırlanan ve özlenen bir anlatıya dönüşmektedir. Bu anlatıya paralel olarak, 2016 yılında Kutü’l Amare Zaferi, Kemalist ulus inşa projesi bağlamında unutturulduğu iddia edilerek, “Osmanlı’nın son büyük zaferi” sloganıyla birden ve yoğun bir biçimde hatırlanmaya başlanmıştır. 23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramı törenlerinin ilk kez iptal edildiği bu yılda, Kutü’l Amâre Zaferi’nin 100. yıl dönümü için resmi kurumlar tarafından pek çok etkinlik düzenlenmesi, Kemalist kesim tarafından Cumhuriyet karşıtı bir adım olarak görülerek tartışma yaratmıştır. Bu tez çalışmasının amacı, Kutü’l Amâre Zaferi’nin hatırlanması süreçlerine odaklanarak, Türkiye’de kimlik ve bellek inşasının değişen dinamiklerini ve bu doğrultuda iktidarın rolünü anlamaktır. Tezin amacına binaen 2016-2022 yılları arasında Kutü’l Amare Zaferi’ni anmak için gerçekleştirilen etkinlikler ve zaferi anarken kullanılan söylemler içerik analizi ve eleştirel söylem analizi yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Kutü’l Amare Zaferi’nin hatırlanma nedenleri, Yeni Osmanlıcı tarih yazımı ve kimlik inşası doğrultusunda bir gelenek olarak nasıl icat edildiği, bu geleneğin hangi hafıza mekânları ve performanslarla kolektif belleğin bir parçası haline getirilmeye çalışıldığı araştırılmıştır.
Policies to revive the Ottoman legacy and tradition are today seen as part of a new political trend of identity and memory construction. These policies, which are called Neo-Ottomanism and continue to exist today, create a nostalgic discourse as an alternative to the Kemalist nation-building project with references to the Ottoman past and heritage. The Ottoman past, which was marginalized in the Republican period, turns into a narrative that is often remembered and missed. Parallel to this narrative, the Kutü'l Amare Victory in 2016 began to be remembered suddenly and intensely with the slogan The last great victory of the Ottoman Empire, claiming that it was forgotten in the context of the Kemalist nation-building project. In that year, when the 23 April National Sovereignty and Children's Day ceremonies were canceled for the first time, the organization of many events by official institutions for the 100th anniversary of the Kutü'l Amâre Victory was seen as an anti-Republican step by the Kemalist sections and created controversy. The aim of this thesis is to understand the changing dynamics of identity and memory construction in Turkey and the role of power in this direction, by focusing on the processes of remembering the Kutü'l Amâre Victory. For the purpose of the thesis, the events held to commemorate the Kutü'l Amare Victory between the years 2016-2022 and the discourses used while commemorating the victory were examined by content analysis and critical discourse analysis methods. The reasons for remembering the Kutü'l Amare Victory, how it was invented as a tradition in line with Neo-Ottoman historiography and identity construction, and which memory spaces and performances tried to make this tradition a part of the collective memory were investigated.
Policies to revive the Ottoman legacy and tradition are today seen as part of a new political trend of identity and memory construction. These policies, which are called Neo-Ottomanism and continue to exist today, create a nostalgic discourse as an alternative to the Kemalist nation-building project with references to the Ottoman past and heritage. The Ottoman past, which was marginalized in the Republican period, turns into a narrative that is often remembered and missed. Parallel to this narrative, the Kutü'l Amare Victory in 2016 began to be remembered suddenly and intensely with the slogan The last great victory of the Ottoman Empire, claiming that it was forgotten in the context of the Kemalist nation-building project. In that year, when the 23 April National Sovereignty and Children's Day ceremonies were canceled for the first time, the organization of many events by official institutions for the 100th anniversary of the Kutü'l Amâre Victory was seen as an anti-Republican step by the Kemalist sections and created controversy. The aim of this thesis is to understand the changing dynamics of identity and memory construction in Turkey and the role of power in this direction, by focusing on the processes of remembering the Kutü'l Amâre Victory. For the purpose of the thesis, the events held to commemorate the Kutü'l Amare Victory between the years 2016-2022 and the discourses used while commemorating the victory were examined by content analysis and critical discourse analysis methods. The reasons for remembering the Kutü'l Amare Victory, how it was invented as a tradition in line with Neo-Ottoman historiography and identity construction, and which memory spaces and performances tried to make this tradition a part of the collective memory were investigated.
Description
Keywords
Al Kūt (Irak), Al Kūt (Iraq), Ethnicity, Etnik yapı, Geleneğin icadı, Group identity, Grup kimliği, Hafıza mekânı, History, Identity, Identity and memory politics, Kimlik, Kimlik ve bellek siyaseti, Kuşatma, 1915-1916, Kutü’l Amare zaferi, Memory space, Milliyetçilik, Nationalism, Neo-Ottomanism, Performance, Performans Kutü’l Amare victory, Siege, 1915-1916, Social aspects, Social change, Social psychology, Sociological aspects, Sosyal değişim, Sosyal psikoloji, Sosyal yönleri, Sosyolojik yönleri, Tarih, The invention of tradition, Turkey, Türkiye, Yeni Osmanlıcılık
