Publication: Türk basınında Son Posta Gazetesi (1930-1942)
Abstract
Kendisine, liberal ilkeler doğrultusunda bir yol haritası belirleyen Türk ekonomisi, 1920’lerin sonu itibariyle beklenen başarıya ulaşamamış; 1929’da, ABD’de çıkan iktisadi buhranın da yıkıcı etkileriyle Türk halkı, 1930 yılına büyük ekonomik sıkıntılarla girmiştir. Son Posta Gazetesi, işte böyle bir siyasi ve sosyo-ekonomik ortamda tarih sahnesine çıkan Serbest Cumhuriyet Fırkası’nın kuruluşundan yaklaşık iki hafta önce, 27 Temmuz 1930 tarihinde yayın hayatına başlamıştır. Solcu bir gazeteci olan Zekeriya Sertel, liberal görüşlü Selim Ragıp Emeç ve Ekrem Uşaklıgil ile dönemin teknik matbuat duayeni Halil Lütfi Dördüncü’den oluşan dörtlü kadro, Türkiye’nin ve Türk Basınının içinde bulunduğu şartlarda, muhalif bir kimlik oluşturma noktasında bir araya gelerek Son Posta Gazetesi’ni çıkarmaya başlamıştır. ‘Halkın Gözü, Halkın Kulağı ve Halkın Dili’ olma iddiasıyla yayın hayatına başlayan gazete, sahip olduğu ‘halkçı muhalif’ kimlik ile halkın sorunlarını takip etmeyi, bu sorunları bizzat halktan dinlemeyi ve sayfaları aracılığıyla ülke gündemine taşımayı amaç edinmiş; bu sorunlara çözüm bulunması yolunda, gerektiğinde hükümeti ve yerel yönetimleri sert bir dille eleştirmekten, basın kanunlarının el verdiği ölçüde kaçınmamıştır. “Türk Basınında Son Posta Gazetesi (1930-1942)” isimli bu tez çalışmasında, gazetenin yayın politikası, belirlenen tarih sınırları içinde kalınarak tüm yönleriyle irdelenmiş; Son Posta’da yayınlanan yazılar arasından seçilen 453 yazı üzerinde yapılan ‘İç Gelişmeler’, ‘Dış Gelişmeler’ ve ‘Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmeler’ şeklindeki tasnifle, gazetenin yayın politikası sistematik bir şekilde tüm yönleriyle ortaya konulmuştur. Bunun yanında, çalışmanın kaynağı olarak belirli bir konuya ve türe bağlı kalmadan seçilen gazete yazıları, gerekli görülen yerlerde referans tarihi bilgilere başvurularak analiz edilmiş; sonuç olarak, 1930-1942 yılları üzerine çalışma yapan araştırmacıların da kullanabileceği, çok yönlü ve zengin bir koleksiyon oluşturulmuştur.
The Turkish economy, which determined a roadmap in line with liberal principles, could not achieve the expected success by the end of the 1920s. With the devastating effects of the economic depression that broke out in the USA in 1929, the Turkish people entered the year 1930 with great economic difficulties. Son Posta Newspaper started its publication life on July 27, 1930, about two weeks before the establishment of the Free Republic Party, which came to the stage of history in such a political and socio-economic environment. The quartet consisting of left-wing Zekeriya Sertel, liberal-minded Selim Ragıp Emeç, technical press doyen of the period Halil Lütfi Dördüncü and Ekrem Uşaklıgil came together to create an oppositional identity under the conditions of Turkey and the Turkish Press and published Son Posta Newspaper. The newspaper, which started its publication life with the claim of being People's Eyes, People's Ears and People's Tongue, aimed to follow the problems of the people with its opposition newspaper identity, to listen to these problems from the people and to bring them to the country's agenda through its lines. In order to find solutions to these problems, he did not avoid criticizing the government and local administrations harshly when necessary, to the extent allowed by the press laws. In this thesis titled “Son Posta Gazetesi in the Turkish Press (1930-1942)”, the publishing policy of the newspaper was examined in all its aspects within the determined date limit. The publication policy of the newspaper has been systematically revealed in all its aspects, with the classification of Domestic Developments, International Developments and Socio-Economic Developments on 453 articles selected from among the articles published in the Son Posta Newspaper. In addition, newspaper articles selected as the source of the study without being tied to a specific subject and genre were analyzed by referring to reference historical information where necessary; as a result, it can be used by researchers working on the years 1930-1942; a versatile and rich collection has been created.
The Turkish economy, which determined a roadmap in line with liberal principles, could not achieve the expected success by the end of the 1920s. With the devastating effects of the economic depression that broke out in the USA in 1929, the Turkish people entered the year 1930 with great economic difficulties. Son Posta Newspaper started its publication life on July 27, 1930, about two weeks before the establishment of the Free Republic Party, which came to the stage of history in such a political and socio-economic environment. The quartet consisting of left-wing Zekeriya Sertel, liberal-minded Selim Ragıp Emeç, technical press doyen of the period Halil Lütfi Dördüncü and Ekrem Uşaklıgil came together to create an oppositional identity under the conditions of Turkey and the Turkish Press and published Son Posta Newspaper. The newspaper, which started its publication life with the claim of being People's Eyes, People's Ears and People's Tongue, aimed to follow the problems of the people with its opposition newspaper identity, to listen to these problems from the people and to bring them to the country's agenda through its lines. In order to find solutions to these problems, he did not avoid criticizing the government and local administrations harshly when necessary, to the extent allowed by the press laws. In this thesis titled “Son Posta Gazetesi in the Turkish Press (1930-1942)”, the publishing policy of the newspaper was examined in all its aspects within the determined date limit. The publication policy of the newspaper has been systematically revealed in all its aspects, with the classification of Domestic Developments, International Developments and Socio-Economic Developments on 453 articles selected from among the articles published in the Son Posta Newspaper. In addition, newspaper articles selected as the source of the study without being tied to a specific subject and genre were analyzed by referring to reference historical information where necessary; as a result, it can be used by researchers working on the years 1930-1942; a versatile and rich collection has been created.