Publication: Effects of intravenous anesthetic agents on vascular endothelium
Abstract
Amaç: Çalışmamızda, genel anestezide kullanılan %1 Propofol, %2 Propofol, Ketamin, Pentotal, Etomidat ve Etomidat-Lipuro’nun venöz endotel üzerine olan etkileri karşılaştırılmıştır. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışma Fakülte Etik Kurul onayından sonra Ağustos 2007-Mayıs 2008 arasında yapılmıştır. Ça- lışmaya 40 tavşan dahil edildi. Propofol %1 (n=6), Pro- pofol %2 (n=6), Ketamin (n=6), Pentotal (n=6), Etomidat (n=6), Etomidat lipuro (n=6) ve salin (Kontrol grubu, n=4) solüsyonlarından 1’er ml eksternal juguler venden verildi. 5 dakika sonra, enjekte edilen venden 2 mm uzunlukta 6’şar kesit alındı. Kesitler 4 ̊C gluteraldehid solüsyonunda fikse edilip 4°C osmium tetroksid ile yeniden fikse edildi. Kesitler elektron mikroskop ile incelendi. Bulgular: Propofol %1, Propofol %2, Pentotal ve Keta- min gruplarında normal vasküler endotel izlendi. Etomidat grubunda ise kontrol grubuna göre vasküler endotelde anlamlı hasar olduğu görüldü. Etomidat lipuro grubunda ise kontrol grubuna göre minimal deformasyonlar izlendi. Sonuç: Etomidat vasküler endotelde anlamlı hasar oluş- tururken lipuro eklenmesi ile bu etkiler azalmaktadır. Ge- nel anestezi için etomidat kullanılacaksa, vasküler ha- sarın daha az olması ve hastanın enjeksiyon esnasında ağrı duymaması için lipuro formunun tercih edilmesi daha uygun olacaktır. Ancak, bu konuda daha fazla çalışma ya- pılması gerekmektedir.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of Propofol 1%, Propofol 2%, Ketamine, Pen- tothal, Etomidate and Etomidate-lipuro on venous endo- thelium. Materials and methods: The study was done from August 2007 to May 2008 after approval of Faculty’s Ethic Committee. Forty rabbits were obtained. Propofol 1% (n=6), Propofol 2% (n=6), Ketamin (n=6), Penthotal (n=6), Etomidate (n=6), Etomidate lipuro (n=6) and nor- mal saline (Control Group, n=4) was given 1 cc via ex- ternal jugular vein. After 5 minutes from the injenction 6 species 2 mm in length segments were taken from the injencted veins. Species were fixed in 4 ̊C gluteraldehyde than postfixed in 4°C osmium tetroxide. Visualisation was performed with scanning electron microscope. Results: In Propofol 1 %, Propofol 2% and Penthotal groups normal endothelial structures were observed. In Etomidate group damage of the endothelial cells were ob- served significantly compared with control. In Etomidate lipuro group minimal deformation was observed com- pared to control. Conclusion: Etomidat causes significant endothelial de- formation, moreover lipuro minimalises these effects. In order to need to use etomidate for general anesthesia, for less pain during injection depending on vascular injury lipuro form would be more appropriate. However, further study is required.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of Propofol 1%, Propofol 2%, Ketamine, Pen- tothal, Etomidate and Etomidate-lipuro on venous endo- thelium. Materials and methods: The study was done from August 2007 to May 2008 after approval of Faculty’s Ethic Committee. Forty rabbits were obtained. Propofol 1% (n=6), Propofol 2% (n=6), Ketamin (n=6), Penthotal (n=6), Etomidate (n=6), Etomidate lipuro (n=6) and nor- mal saline (Control Group, n=4) was given 1 cc via ex- ternal jugular vein. After 5 minutes from the injenction 6 species 2 mm in length segments were taken from the injencted veins. Species were fixed in 4 ̊C gluteraldehyde than postfixed in 4°C osmium tetroxide. Visualisation was performed with scanning electron microscope. Results: In Propofol 1 %, Propofol 2% and Penthotal groups normal endothelial structures were observed. In Etomidate group damage of the endothelial cells were ob- served significantly compared with control. In Etomidate lipuro group minimal deformation was observed com- pared to control. Conclusion: Etomidat causes significant endothelial de- formation, moreover lipuro minimalises these effects. In order to need to use etomidate for general anesthesia, for less pain during injection depending on vascular injury lipuro form would be more appropriate. However, further study is required.