Publication: TV yayıncılığında ana haber bültenlerine yeni bir tanım : hibrit haber oluşumu
Abstract
Televizyon yayıncılığı kitlelere ulaşma konusunda diğer iletişim araçları içerisinde lokomotif olmaktadır. Her geçen gün bir yeniliğe kavuşan yeni medyayla birlikte televizyon yayıncılığı popülerliğini yitirmemiştir. Televizyonda yayınlanan programlar, içerikler yeni formatlarla yeni medyanın içerisinde de yer almaktadır. Aynı şekilde yeni medyaya özgü hızlılık, etkileşim, etiketleme, daha fazla sansasyon ve ilginçlik ile ana akım medyaya da entegre olmaktadır. Bu durum, televizyon yayıncılığının baş aktörü olan ana haber bültenleri içerisinde incelenmiştir. Prime time zaman diliminin en çok izlenen üç kanalının ana haber bültenleri izlenerek içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Tezde ana haber bültenlerinin içerisinde yeni medya kaynaklı haberlerin ne kadar yer tuttuğu tespit edilmiştir. Haber bültenleri eşik bekçilerinin süzgeçlerinden geçerek ekrana verilmektedir. Yeni medyada viral olan bir haberin çoğu zaman süzgeci yoktur. Ama haber, habercilik deyimiyle adeta patlamıştır. Patlayan bu haberi ana akım medyaya getirmemek mümkün değildir. Eğer eşik bekçilerinin medya patronlarının, güçlerin istemediği bir haber ise ve yayına verilmez ise bu kez yayına verilmeyişi yeni medyada haber olacaktır belki linç edilecektir. Bu anlamda bakıldığında hem süper bir güç hem de korkunç bir güçten bahsedilebilmektedir. Televizyon yayıncılığında ana haber bültenlerinin etkisinin ilk zamanlarda olduğu gibi devam edebilmesi için yeni medya kaynaklı haberleri bünyesine alması neredeyse zorunlu olmuştur. Eşik bekçilerinin, güçlerin elinde bulundurduğu hakimiyet kırılma noktasına gelmiştir. Ve tam da bu noktada yeni bir habercilik anlayışı doğmuştur. Tezde geleneksel ile yeninin iç içe geçtiği, birbirinden beslendiği bu habercilik anlayışı hibrit habercilik olarak tanımlanmıştır. Haber üretim sürecinde yeni medya kaynaklı haberlerin ana haber bültenlerinde hangi amaçlarla yer aldığı ortaya koyulmuştur.
The locomotive role of television broadcasting among other communication media in reaching the masses remains significant. Despite the innovations introduced by new media, television broadcasting has not lost its popularity. The programs and content broadcasted on television are now incorporated into new media platforms through various formats. Similarly, these broadcasts are integrated into mainstream media with the characteristics of new media, such as speed, interactivity, tagging, sensationalism, and heightened audience interest. This phenomenon has been examined in the context of prime-time main news bulletins, which are key elements of television broadcasting. A content analysis was conducted by observing the main news bulletins of the three most-watched television channels during prime-time. The thesis investigates the extent to which news derived from new media is featured in these main news. News bulletins are curated and filtered by gatekeepers before being broadcasted. However, a news item that goes viral on new media often bypasses these filters, becoming a significant story. It becomes almost inevitable for such viral content not to be covered by mainstream media. If it is a story that gatekeepers, media owners, or those in power do not want to broadcast and is not aired, its absence can itself become a story in new media, potentially leading to public outrage or backlash. From this perspective, one can speak of both a superpower and a formidable force in play. To maintain the same level of influence that television news bulletins held in their early days, it has become almost obligatory to include news from new media. The traditional dominance held by gatekeepers and those in power has reached a breaking point. At this critical juncture, a new form of journalism has emerged. The thesis defines this new form, where traditional and new media intertwine and feed off each other, as hybrid journalism. It explores the purposes for which news from new media is incorporated into the main.
The locomotive role of television broadcasting among other communication media in reaching the masses remains significant. Despite the innovations introduced by new media, television broadcasting has not lost its popularity. The programs and content broadcasted on television are now incorporated into new media platforms through various formats. Similarly, these broadcasts are integrated into mainstream media with the characteristics of new media, such as speed, interactivity, tagging, sensationalism, and heightened audience interest. This phenomenon has been examined in the context of prime-time main news bulletins, which are key elements of television broadcasting. A content analysis was conducted by observing the main news bulletins of the three most-watched television channels during prime-time. The thesis investigates the extent to which news derived from new media is featured in these main news. News bulletins are curated and filtered by gatekeepers before being broadcasted. However, a news item that goes viral on new media often bypasses these filters, becoming a significant story. It becomes almost inevitable for such viral content not to be covered by mainstream media. If it is a story that gatekeepers, media owners, or those in power do not want to broadcast and is not aired, its absence can itself become a story in new media, potentially leading to public outrage or backlash. From this perspective, one can speak of both a superpower and a formidable force in play. To maintain the same level of influence that television news bulletins held in their early days, it has become almost obligatory to include news from new media. The traditional dominance held by gatekeepers and those in power has reached a breaking point. At this critical juncture, a new form of journalism has emerged. The thesis defines this new form, where traditional and new media intertwine and feed off each other, as hybrid journalism. It explores the purposes for which news from new media is incorporated into the main.