Publication: Eğitim yatırımlarının bireysel ve sosyal getirisi: Türkiye’de çalışan kadınlar örneğinde bir araştırma
Abstract
Bu çalışmada eğitimin getirilerinin hesaplanmasına ilişkin yaklaşımlar ele alınmıştır. Ülkemizde kamu kesiminde Genel İdarî ve Teknik Hizmetler Sınıfı’nda çalışan üniversite mezunu kadınların bireysel ve sosyal getirilerini hesaplamak amacıyla “fayda - maliyet analizi” yöntemlerinden “içsel getiri oranı” ve “fayda- maliyet oranı” kullanılmıştır. Eğitim maliyetlerinin hesaplanmasında 4 yıllık üniversite süresi göz önünde bulundurulmuş, üniversite eğitiminin getirileri 21 yıl için tahmin edilmiştir. Genel İdarî Hizmetler Sınıfı’nda çalışan üniversite mezunu kamu personelinin bireysel getiri oranı %8,5, sosyal getiri oranı ise %2,61, Teknik Hizmetler Sınıfı’nda çalışan kamu personelinin bireysel getiri oranı %31,5, sosyal getiri oranı ise %15,6 olarak bulunmuştur. “Fayda-maliyet oranı” sonuçlarına bakıldığında, “bireysel fayda-maliyet oranı” Teknik Hizmetler Sınıfı için 5,9328, Genel İdarî Hizmetler Sınıfı için ise 2,0171 oranında, “sosyal fayda-maliyet oranı” ise Teknik Hizmetler Sınıfı ve Genel İdarî Hizmetler Sınıfı için sırası ile 2,9947 ve 1,2398 bulunmuştur Devletin yüksek öğretime yaptığı yatırımların anlamlılığını tartışan araştırmalar incelenmiş bulgu ve sonuçları çalışma ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Eğitimin getirilerinin hesaplanmasında kullanılan yöntemlerin olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri belirtilmiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Eğitimin Bireysel Getirisi, Eğitimin Sosyal Getirisi, Fayda-Maliyet Analizi.
In this study, the approaches concerning the returns of education have been dealt with. In order to estimate “the private” and “social rates of return” of the women who work at public administration at General Services and Technical Services Branches in Turkey, “internal rate of return” and “benefit-cost ratio” , which are “cost-benefit analysis”methods, have been used. While estimating the costs of education, a four-year-university-education have been taken into account and the returns of university education have been estimated for 21 years. “The private rate of return” of the women at General Services is %8,5, and “the social rate of return” is %2,61. For the Technical Services “the private rate of return” is %31,5 and “the social rate of return” is %15,6. For “benefit-cost ratio” the results are as following: “private cost-benefit ratio” for women who work at Technical Services is 5, 9328 and for women at General Services it is 2,0171. “Social benefit-cost ratio” for Technical and General Services are 2,9947 and 1,2398 respectively. In this study, former studies discussing the significance of the investments that the government make on higher education have been analysed and their findings have also been compared with the results of this study. The positive sides and limitations of the methods used to estimate the returns to education are also mentioned. Key Words: Private Rate of Return to Education, Social Rate of Return to Education, Cost-Benefit Analysis.
In this study, the approaches concerning the returns of education have been dealt with. In order to estimate “the private” and “social rates of return” of the women who work at public administration at General Services and Technical Services Branches in Turkey, “internal rate of return” and “benefit-cost ratio” , which are “cost-benefit analysis”methods, have been used. While estimating the costs of education, a four-year-university-education have been taken into account and the returns of university education have been estimated for 21 years. “The private rate of return” of the women at General Services is %8,5, and “the social rate of return” is %2,61. For the Technical Services “the private rate of return” is %31,5 and “the social rate of return” is %15,6. For “benefit-cost ratio” the results are as following: “private cost-benefit ratio” for women who work at Technical Services is 5, 9328 and for women at General Services it is 2,0171. “Social benefit-cost ratio” for Technical and General Services are 2,9947 and 1,2398 respectively. In this study, former studies discussing the significance of the investments that the government make on higher education have been analysed and their findings have also been compared with the results of this study. The positive sides and limitations of the methods used to estimate the returns to education are also mentioned. Key Words: Private Rate of Return to Education, Social Rate of Return to Education, Cost-Benefit Analysis.