Publication: Sakarya ilindeki kadınların aile içi şiddete uğrama durumları ve yasal sorumlulukları hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri
Abstract
1.ÖZET Gizli bir sağlık sorunu olan kadına yönelik aile içi şiddet toplumda yaygın olarak yaşanmakta ve kadının fiziksel, ruhsal bütünlüğünü tehdit etmektedir. Çalışma Sakarya İlinde yaşayan kadınların şiddete uğrama ve uğradıkları şiddette yasal sorumluluklarını bilme durumlarını ortaya koymak amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Sakarya İlinde merkeze bağlı dört devlet hastanesi ve yirmi sağlık ocağına başvuran kadınlara (n=246) 01.07.2008-01.10.2008 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak iki farklı anket formu kullanılmıştır. Yaş ortalaması 36±11.28 olan kadınların %20.7’sinin 36-40 yaş grubunda, %85.4’ünün evli, %59.8’inin yaşamını şehir merkezinde sürdürdüğü, %48,8’inin ilkokul mezunu, evlenme yaşının %54,9 ile 18-25 yaş aralığında, %53,7’sinin evlenme şeklinin görücü usulü ,%13’nün akraba evliliği olduğu, %17,5’inde evlilik sırasında başlık parası istendiği, %6,9’unun resmi nikahının olmadığı, %59,3’ünün evlilik süresinin 10 yıldan fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Katılımcıların eşlerinin yaş ortalamasının 41.03±11.53 olduğu, % 20.8’nin 26-30 yaş aralığında olduğu, %50.4’ünün ilkokul mezunu olduğu, %50 sürekli bir işte çalıştığı %58.1’inin sigara, %22,0 alkol kullandığı görülmüştür. Kadınların %42.7’sinin eşleri tarafından fiziksel şiddet, %59.3’ünün duygusal şiddet, %22.8’inin cinsel şiddet gördüğü, şiddete maruz kalan kadınların % 13’ünün eşini şikayet ettiği, %87’sinin eşini şikayet etmediği, şikayette bulunanların %89.5’i şikayet esnasında zorluk yaşadığı ve %52.9 yaşanan zorluğun aile baskısından kaynaklandığı, %39.8’nin Ailenin Korunmasına Dair Kanun hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğu, %35.8’inin bilgi sahibi olmadığı görülmüştür. Kadınların %77,6’sı erkeklerin eşlerine şiddet uygulayamayacağını, %34,1’i namus meselelerinde, aile büyüklerine saygı gösterilmediğinde eşlerin şiddet uygulayabileceklerini belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç olarak; kadınların büyük çoğunluğunun şiddete uğradığı, bazı sosyodemografik özelliklerin şiddeti artırdığı, şiddet sonrası şikayette zorluk yaşandığı ve Ailenin Korunmasına Dair Kanun hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olunmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. ddet, aile içi şiddet, yasal sorumluluk , kadın 2.
WOMEN EXPOSED TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND THEIR KOWLEDGE LEVEL ABOUT THEIR LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE PROVINCE OF SAKARYA As a secret health problem violence to women within the family is widespread in community and threatens women’s physical and emotional integrity. The study was conducted in the province of Sakarya to determine the situation of women exposed to violence and their perception of their legal responsibility. Women who appealed to 4 state hospitals and 20 healthcare centers (n=246) between 01.07.2008 and 01.10.2008 were included to the study. Two different questionnaires were used for collecting data. 20.7% of the women were in the age group 36-40 with an average age of 36±11.28; 85.4% were married, 59.8% were living in the city center, 48,8% were graduated from primary school, 8.9% were not literate, 54,9% got married at the age of 18-25, 53,7% got married through an arranged marriage, 13% married their relatives, bride price was paid for 17,5%, 6,9% were not in a civil marriage, 59,3% were married longer than 10 years. The average age of the spouses was 41.03±11.53, 20.8% were between the age of 26-30, 50.4% were graduated from the primary school, 50% had a regular job, 58.1% were smoking, %22,0 were consuming alcohol. 42.7% of the women were exposed to physical violence, 59.3% to emotional violence, 22.8% to sexual violence by their partners. %13 of women who were exposed to violence filed a complaint against their partners, 87% did not. 89.5% of women who had made one experienced difficulties while filing the complaint. 52.9% of these difficulties were due to family pressure. 39.8% knew about the family protection act, 35.8% did not. 77.6% of the women stated that men should not be allowed to apply violence against their spouses, 34.1% said that violence may be appropriate in matters of honor and disrespectfulness to family elders. In conclusion, the study results indicated that most of the women were exposed to violence; that some socio-demographical features may enhance violence; that women experience difficulties during filing a complaint after exposure to violence; and that the Family Protection Act was not known sufficiently. Key words: Violence, domestic violence, legal responsibility, women
WOMEN EXPOSED TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND THEIR KOWLEDGE LEVEL ABOUT THEIR LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE PROVINCE OF SAKARYA As a secret health problem violence to women within the family is widespread in community and threatens women’s physical and emotional integrity. The study was conducted in the province of Sakarya to determine the situation of women exposed to violence and their perception of their legal responsibility. Women who appealed to 4 state hospitals and 20 healthcare centers (n=246) between 01.07.2008 and 01.10.2008 were included to the study. Two different questionnaires were used for collecting data. 20.7% of the women were in the age group 36-40 with an average age of 36±11.28; 85.4% were married, 59.8% were living in the city center, 48,8% were graduated from primary school, 8.9% were not literate, 54,9% got married at the age of 18-25, 53,7% got married through an arranged marriage, 13% married their relatives, bride price was paid for 17,5%, 6,9% were not in a civil marriage, 59,3% were married longer than 10 years. The average age of the spouses was 41.03±11.53, 20.8% were between the age of 26-30, 50.4% were graduated from the primary school, 50% had a regular job, 58.1% were smoking, %22,0 were consuming alcohol. 42.7% of the women were exposed to physical violence, 59.3% to emotional violence, 22.8% to sexual violence by their partners. %13 of women who were exposed to violence filed a complaint against their partners, 87% did not. 89.5% of women who had made one experienced difficulties while filing the complaint. 52.9% of these difficulties were due to family pressure. 39.8% knew about the family protection act, 35.8% did not. 77.6% of the women stated that men should not be allowed to apply violence against their spouses, 34.1% said that violence may be appropriate in matters of honor and disrespectfulness to family elders. In conclusion, the study results indicated that most of the women were exposed to violence; that some socio-demographical features may enhance violence; that women experience difficulties during filing a complaint after exposure to violence; and that the Family Protection Act was not known sufficiently. Key words: Violence, domestic violence, legal responsibility, women