Publication: Haber üretimine yurttaş katılımı
Abstract
HABER ÜRETİMİNE YURTTAŞ KATILIMI Yeni iletişim teknolojileri, enformasyon depolama ve paylaşma olanağını artırırken haber üretim ve tüketim pratiklerini de derinden etkilemektedir. Daha önceleri sadece profesyonel haber üreticilerinin ve anaakım medyanın tekelinde olduğu kabul edilen haber üretim alanına yeni medyayla birlikte –belirli sınırlar içinde de olsa- yurttaşların da dâhil olabilmesinin önü açılmış, özellikle “her an her yerde iletişimi” mümkün kılan mobil iletişim ve sosyal medya üzerinden yurttaşlar tanık oldukları gelişmeleri kamuoyunun dikkatine sunma imkânına kavuşmuşlardır. Özellikle toplumun haber alma ihtiyacının yoğunlaştığı ve anaakım medyanın sahiplik yapısı ve iktidarla ilişkileri gibi nedenlerle bu ihtiyacı karşılayamadığı anlarda sosyal medya üzerinden haber akışı ivme kazanmaktadır. Ancak bu durum, kimi zaman sosyal medya üzerinden gerçekleşen dezenformasyon ve mizenformasyon riskini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu nedenle doğrulama yöntemlerini dikkate alan güvenilir yurttaş haberciliği girişimleri giderek önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yurttaş haberciliğinin gelişmesine neden olan faktörler ile yurttaş haberciliğine ilişkin temel kavram ve tartışmalar ele alınmış, sosyal medyanın yurttaş haberciliği açısından sağladığı olanak ve sınırlılıklar tartışılmıştır. 140Journos adlı yurttaş haberciliği girişiminin incelendiği çalışmada Twitter üzerinden gerçekleştirilen haber akışına ilişkin temel özelliklerinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Yurttaş Haberciliği, Sosyal Medya, 140Journos.
CITIZENS’ PARTICIPATION IN NEWS PRODUCTION While new communication technologies increase the opportunity of storing and sharing information, they profoundly influence the practices of news production and consumption. With the introduction of the new media, the way for citizens’ participation into the field of news production, which once agreed that it was in the monopoly of only professional news producers and mainstream media, has also been opened, but within limits, and citizens have had the opportunity of bringing the events they witnessed to the public attention via the social media and especially mobile communication which enables “communication anytime, anywhere”. News flow via social media accelerates particularly when the society needs more of getting news and mainstream media cannot meet this need due to their form of ownership and relations with the government. However, this situation sometimes accompanies with the risk of disinformation and misinformation finding place in social media. For this reason, attempts of dependable citizen journalism, which take verification methods into consideration, have gained importance more and more. In this study, the factors that led to the development of civic journalism and main concepts and arguments related with citizen journalism are addressed and the opportunities and limitations that social media provides in terms of citizen journalism are discussed. In this article, an initiative of citizen journalism called140Journos is examined and it is aimed to present the basic characteristics of the news flow via Twitter. Key Words: Citizen Journalism, Social Media, 140Journos.
CITIZENS’ PARTICIPATION IN NEWS PRODUCTION While new communication technologies increase the opportunity of storing and sharing information, they profoundly influence the practices of news production and consumption. With the introduction of the new media, the way for citizens’ participation into the field of news production, which once agreed that it was in the monopoly of only professional news producers and mainstream media, has also been opened, but within limits, and citizens have had the opportunity of bringing the events they witnessed to the public attention via the social media and especially mobile communication which enables “communication anytime, anywhere”. News flow via social media accelerates particularly when the society needs more of getting news and mainstream media cannot meet this need due to their form of ownership and relations with the government. However, this situation sometimes accompanies with the risk of disinformation and misinformation finding place in social media. For this reason, attempts of dependable citizen journalism, which take verification methods into consideration, have gained importance more and more. In this study, the factors that led to the development of civic journalism and main concepts and arguments related with citizen journalism are addressed and the opportunities and limitations that social media provides in terms of citizen journalism are discussed. In this article, an initiative of citizen journalism called140Journos is examined and it is aimed to present the basic characteristics of the news flow via Twitter. Key Words: Citizen Journalism, Social Media, 140Journos.