PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF EWINGELLA AMERICANA AND KLUYVERA INTERMEDIA ISOLATED FROM SOAKED HIDES AND SKINS

Abstract

Soaked hides and skins may contain different species of family Enterobacteriaceae, originating from animal's feces, soil, and water. Some species of this family may be pathogenic to humans and animals. Hence, phenotypic characteristics and antibiotic susceptibilities of Ewingella americana and Kluyvera intermedia belonging to Enterobacteriaceae were explained in this study. While Ewingella americana was isolated from only one soaked hide, Kluyvera intermedia was isolated from both soaked hide and skin. Phenotypic characterization of these isolates was performed using API 20E test kit. Antibiotic susceptibilities of these isolates were examined by Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion Test using piperacillin/tazobactam (110 mu g), amoxicillin/clavulanate (30 mu g), ampicillin/sulbactam (20 mu g), amikacin (30 mu g), tobramycin (10 mu g), kanamycin (30 mu g), gentamicin (10 mu tg), streptomycin (10 mu g), ampicillin (10 mu mu g), imipenem (10 mu g), meropenem (10 mu g), cefoxitin (30 mu g), cefuroxime sodium (30 mu g), ceftazidime (30 mu g), cephalothin (30 mu g), ceftriaxone (30 mu g), norfloxacin (10 mu g), nalidixic acid (30 mu g), ofloxacin (5 mu g), ciprofloxacin (10 mu g), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (25 mu g), aztreonam (30 mu g), chloramphenicol (30 mu g), tetracyline (30 mu g). Ewingella americana was resistant against aztreonam, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone but this isolate was intermediate susceptible against cefuroxime sodium, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, tetracyline and chloramphenicol. Kluyvera intermedia was found to be resistant against streptomycin, cephalothin, aztreonam, and ampicillin but it was intermediate susceptible to amikacin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, imipenem, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin/clavulanate and ciprofloxacin. Moreover, both isolates were found to be susceptible to other antibiotics. Therefore, effective antibacterial applications should be applied to kill these antibiotic resistant bacteria.