Publication: İslam hukuku ile karşılaştırmalı olarak yahudi hukukunda zina ve benzeri cinsel suçlar
Abstract
İSLAM HUKUKU İLE KARŞILAŞTIRMALI OLARAK YAHUDİ HUKUKUNDA ZİNA VE BENZERİ CİNSEL SUÇLAR Cinsel içgüdünün terbiye edilmesi ve aile müessesesinin koruma altına alınması beşeriyet tarihinin ilk dönemlerinden beri temel hedeflerden olmuştur. Konu edinen dinler de bu konuya yönelik düzenlemelerde bulunmuş, anormal cinsel ilişkileri ve aile bağı olmadan kişilerin cinsel ilişkiye girmesini yasaklamıştır. İster Yahudilik ister İslâm insanoğlundaki cinsel içgüdüyü tamamen yok etmeyip bunun disipline edilmesi ve bu yolla toplumda meydana gelmesi muhtemel olan kargaşaların önünü kesmeyi hedeflemiş, bu amaçla çeşitli hükümler koymuştur. Bu hükümler dönemin rengini taşıması, farklı kültürel ortamlarda gelişmesi bakımından birbirilerinden farklılaşsalar da temel noktalarda birleşmekteler. Yahudi hukuku karşı cinsler arasında evlilik dışı cinsel ilişkiyi yasaklasa da sadece evli veya nişanlı kadının yabancı erkekle cinsel ilişkisini zina saymıştır. İslâm hukukuna göre ise ilişkinin tarafları arasında evlilik akdinin bulunmaması durumunda bu zina suçunu oluşturur. Belli olmaktadır ki Yahudi hukuku konuya daha sınırlı ve ferdi yaklaşmakta, hukuki düzenlemelerinde sırf aile şerefi ve nesep karışıklığına yönelik eylemleri zina saymaktadır. Fakat İslâm hukukunun, kadının nişanlı/ evli olup olmadığını dikkate almaması konuyu daha kamusal olarak değerlendirmesine bağlıdır. İslam hukuku olay nedeniyle toplumda meydana gelecek her türden karışıklığı dikkate alıp böyle ilişkiyi zina olarak görmekte ve yasaklamaktadır.
A COMPERATIVE STUDY OF ADULTERY AND OTHER FORBIDDEN SEXUAL AFFAIRS IN JEWISH AND ISLAMIC LAWS Disciplining the sexual behaviours and protecting the family institution have been one of the main aims from the ancient period of history up to our age. Judaism and Islam which are the subject of the present study, have made rules in details and permited the intercources between only those who were tied each other with marriage and forbade also abnormal sexual intercources. Both Judaism and Islam have aimed to put the sexual instinct into discipline, but never forbade them totally. By doing so, they intend to prevent the probable anarchy in family lineage which could appair in the community. They have various rules and regulations for this purpose. In both Judaism and Islam these rules are similar in essential issues, but they differ in details because of their approach to the age differencies, and that of cultural milieu in which they have developed. Jewish law forbids sexual intercourse without wedlock. If the woman is betrothed or married to another person this is considered as adultery, otherwise it is not considered as adultery. But for Islamic law, the sexual intercource which occurs without wedlock is considered as adultery whether the woman is betrothed/ married or not. Definitely, the term in Jewish law is more restricted to private domain and aims with its regulations to prevent the acts which defiles the honour of family and therefore causes anarchy in family lineage. Islamic law is more public and therefore it is not taking into consideration whether the woman is engaged for another person or not. Definitely, Islamic law considers all kind of unlawful sexual behaviours cause of social unrests and forbids them as adultery.
A COMPERATIVE STUDY OF ADULTERY AND OTHER FORBIDDEN SEXUAL AFFAIRS IN JEWISH AND ISLAMIC LAWS Disciplining the sexual behaviours and protecting the family institution have been one of the main aims from the ancient period of history up to our age. Judaism and Islam which are the subject of the present study, have made rules in details and permited the intercources between only those who were tied each other with marriage and forbade also abnormal sexual intercources. Both Judaism and Islam have aimed to put the sexual instinct into discipline, but never forbade them totally. By doing so, they intend to prevent the probable anarchy in family lineage which could appair in the community. They have various rules and regulations for this purpose. In both Judaism and Islam these rules are similar in essential issues, but they differ in details because of their approach to the age differencies, and that of cultural milieu in which they have developed. Jewish law forbids sexual intercourse without wedlock. If the woman is betrothed or married to another person this is considered as adultery, otherwise it is not considered as adultery. But for Islamic law, the sexual intercource which occurs without wedlock is considered as adultery whether the woman is betrothed/ married or not. Definitely, the term in Jewish law is more restricted to private domain and aims with its regulations to prevent the acts which defiles the honour of family and therefore causes anarchy in family lineage. Islamic law is more public and therefore it is not taking into consideration whether the woman is engaged for another person or not. Definitely, Islamic law considers all kind of unlawful sexual behaviours cause of social unrests and forbids them as adultery.