Publication: Bölgesel kalkınmada kalkınma ajanslarının rolü: AB ve Türkiye deneyimleri
Abstract
Bütün dünya ülkelerinde 1929 Büyük Dünya Kriziyle birlikte ulusal sınırlar içinde görülen bölgesel dengesizlikler dikkat çekmeye başlamıştır. Bu dönemde kapitalist sisteme olan inançların azalması ve Sosyalist ülkelerinin büyüme konusundaki başarılarının artmasıyla piyasanın görünmez eliyle kendiliğinden dengeye geleceği görüşü önem yitirmiş ve aksine kamu müdahalesinin gerekliliği görüşü benimsenmiştir. 1970 ve özellikle 1980 yıllarında iktisadi kalkınma anlayışı neo-liberal politikalar ve uluslararası sermayeye dahil olmak için uygulanan serbest dış ticaret ve döviz politikaları paralelinde şekillenmiştir. Bununla birlikte iktisadi kalkınmanın uzantısı olan bölgesel kalkınma teori ve politikaları da aynı yönde değişim göstermiştir. 1990 sonrası dönemde ise bölgesel kalkınma teori ve politikalarının anahtar kavramlarını yönetişim ve katılımcılık oluşturmuştur. Bu kavramlar ışığında geleneksel yukarıdan aşağı (top-down) uygulanan politikalar terk edilerek aşağıdan yukarıya (down-top) politikalar uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Yeni bölgecilik akımıyla şekillenen bu politikalar, bütün aktörlerin katılımını sağlayan, girişimcilik ve yenilik odaklı bir kurumsal yapı ihtiyacı ortaya çıkarmıştır. Günümüz AB bölgesel kalkınma politikaları yeni bölgecilik akımıyla şekillenmiş olup Bölgesel Kalkınma Ajansları’na büyük önem vermektedir. Türkiye 1999 yılında Helsinki Zirvesi’nde AB’ye aday ülke olarak gösterilmesiyle bölgesel kalkınma politikalarını AB bölgesel kalkınma politikaları paralelinde uygulamaya başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda Bölgesel Kalkınma Ajansları’nı ülkemizde hayata geçmiştir. lgesel dengesizlik, Bölgesel Kalkınma Politikaları, Bölgesel Kalkınma Ajansları, AB Bölgesel Kalkınma Politikaları, Türkiye Bölgesel Kalkınma Politikaları.
Regional development unbalance has started to been notify by 1929 World Economic Crisis in all countries. During those days by the reduction of belief to capitalist system and increase in improvement of economic development in Socialist countries, the belief to classsical economic policies has dissappered while necessity of public intervension has been adopted. In 1970s conception to economic development has been figured in parallel with neo-liberal politics and liberal foreign trade and exchange politics being used to be apart of international capital.Notwihtstanding regional development theories has changed in line with economic development .During the time period after 1990s governance and participation has been the key concepts of regional development theories and policies.By the in light of these concepts the execution of tradional top-down politics has been discarded and down-top politics has started to be executed. The policies figured by the new regioanal development trend has exposed a necessity of a corporate structure which is innovation and entrepreneurship focused and makes the participation of all players At present EU Regional Development Policies is being figured by new regional trends and giving full weight to Regional Development Agencies (RDAs).As a result of Turkey’s being a candidate of EU in 1999 at Helsinki Summit. Turkey has started to execute its regional development policies in paralell with EU Regional Development Policies. As a result of this RDAs has become reality in our country. Key Words: Regional Development Unbalance, Regional Development Policies, Regional Development Agencies, EU Regional Development Policies, Turkey Regional Development Policies.
Regional development unbalance has started to been notify by 1929 World Economic Crisis in all countries. During those days by the reduction of belief to capitalist system and increase in improvement of economic development in Socialist countries, the belief to classsical economic policies has dissappered while necessity of public intervension has been adopted. In 1970s conception to economic development has been figured in parallel with neo-liberal politics and liberal foreign trade and exchange politics being used to be apart of international capital.Notwihtstanding regional development theories has changed in line with economic development .During the time period after 1990s governance and participation has been the key concepts of regional development theories and policies.By the in light of these concepts the execution of tradional top-down politics has been discarded and down-top politics has started to be executed. The policies figured by the new regioanal development trend has exposed a necessity of a corporate structure which is innovation and entrepreneurship focused and makes the participation of all players At present EU Regional Development Policies is being figured by new regional trends and giving full weight to Regional Development Agencies (RDAs).As a result of Turkey’s being a candidate of EU in 1999 at Helsinki Summit. Turkey has started to execute its regional development policies in paralell with EU Regional Development Policies. As a result of this RDAs has become reality in our country. Key Words: Regional Development Unbalance, Regional Development Policies, Regional Development Agencies, EU Regional Development Policies, Turkey Regional Development Policies.