Publication: İslam yargılama hukukunda davanın akit teorisi açısından analizi
Abstract
İslam yargılama hukukunda dava kavramı, davacının hâkim huzurunda anlaşmazlık halinde olduğu kişiden hakkını talep etmesi olarak tanımlanır. Davanın seyrini belirleyen unsurlar, taraflar, irade beyanları, dava konusu olan hak ve yargı merciidir. Akdin oluşumunda da tarafların bulunması, karşılıklı rızaya dayanan beyanları, bu beyanların gerçekleştiği meclis ve bir akit konusunun bulunması şarttır. Dava konusunun bir hak ve iddia içermesi ve davacının davayı açmasında hukuki bir yarar olması gerekmektedir. Akdin konusunun ise akdin hükmünü taşımaya elverişli olması beklenir. Dava, bir akit çeşidi olmamakla birlikte kaynaklarda akit tekniği çerçevesinde ele alınan seyri ve sonuçları itibariyle akitle benzer yönleri olan hukuki bir tasarruftur. Bu çalışmada, İslam yargılama hukukunda davanın, bütün yönleri ile ele alınarak mevcut tasnif ve usul itibariyle akit teorisi açısından analizi konu edinilmektedir. Çalışma, İslam hukuk düzeninde dava ve akit kavramlarının birlikte incelenmesi bakımından önem arz etmektedir.
In Islamic juridical law, the concept of case covers the process of claiming the rights of the plaintiff from the person with whom he is in disagreement before the judge. The factors that determining the course of the case are the parties, declarations of will, the right that is the subject of the case and the judicial authority. In the formation of the contract, it is necessary to have parties, declarations based on mutual assent, the assembly where these declarations take place and a contract subject. The subject of the case must include a right and a claim and there must be a legal benefit for the plaintiff to file the case. The subject of the contract is expected to be suitable for carrying the provision of the contract. Although case is not a sort of contract, it is a legal act that has similar aspects to the contract in terms of its course and results which is handled without the framework of the contract technique in the sources. In this study, the analysis of the case in Islamic juridical law is discussed by all its aspects from the point of contract theory in terms of current classification and procedure. The study is important in examining concepts of case and contract together in Islamic law system.
In Islamic juridical law, the concept of case covers the process of claiming the rights of the plaintiff from the person with whom he is in disagreement before the judge. The factors that determining the course of the case are the parties, declarations of will, the right that is the subject of the case and the judicial authority. In the formation of the contract, it is necessary to have parties, declarations based on mutual assent, the assembly where these declarations take place and a contract subject. The subject of the case must include a right and a claim and there must be a legal benefit for the plaintiff to file the case. The subject of the contract is expected to be suitable for carrying the provision of the contract. Although case is not a sort of contract, it is a legal act that has similar aspects to the contract in terms of its course and results which is handled without the framework of the contract technique in the sources. In this study, the analysis of the case in Islamic juridical law is discussed by all its aspects from the point of contract theory in terms of current classification and procedure. The study is important in examining concepts of case and contract together in Islamic law system.