Publication: Bilgisayar destekli tekstil tasarım ve kalıp programlarının kız meslek liselerinde kullanımı
Abstract
Her alanda kullanılan bilgisayar teknolojileri, eğitim alanına da girmiĢ ve günümüzde etkili bir biçimde kullanılmaktadır. Eğitimin amaçlarından biri, bireyleri toplumun gereksinimleri doğrultusunda yetiĢtirmektir. Mesleki ve Teknik Eğitim sistemleri günümüzde bilgi çağına uygun, bilgi toplumu üyesinin özelliklerini taĢıyan bireyler yetiĢtirmekle sorumludur. Bu sorumluluklar doğrultusunda eğitim kurumları, öğretmenleri yeni teknolojilerden haberdar edip, yeni teknolojilerin kullanımı konusunda yönlendirmeli ve yeni teknolojilere açık olmalıdır. AraĢtırmada bilgisayar destekli tekstil tasarım ve kalıp programlarının kız meslek liselerinde kullanımının incelenmesi amaçlanmıĢtır. AraĢtırma var olan durumu ortaya koymaya yönelik tarama modelinde bir betimleme araĢtırmasıdır. Bu çalıĢmada; Türk Milli Eğitim Sistemi, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı, Ortaöğretim Genel Müdürlüğü, Orta Öğretimdeki Mesleki ve Teknik Ortaöğretim Kurumları, Kız Teknik Öğretim Genel Müdürlüğü, Kız Teknik Öğretim Genel Müdürlüğü’ne Bağlı Okul Türleri, Örgün ve Yaygın Eğitim Kurumları incelenmiĢtir. Örgün eğitim kurumları içerisinde yer alan kız meslek liselerinde bilgisayar destekli tekstil tasarım ve kalıp programları kullanımlarının, Tekstil Teknolojisi ile Giyim Üretim Teknolojisi Alanlarında verildiği görülmüĢtür. Tekstil Teknolojisi ve Giyim Üretim Teknolojisi alan programları, çerçeve öğretim programları, alanlar altındaki meslek dalları, haftalık ders programları, çerçeve öğretim programlarında yer alan modüller ve dersler incelenmiĢtir. Tekstil tasarım ve kalıp programlarının kullanımı için gerekli olan bilgisayar, tanımı, bilgi iĢlem birimleri, kullanım alanları, donanım birimleri incelenmiĢtir. Bilgisayar destekli tekstil tasarım ve kalıp programlarının kullanıldığı tekstil endüstrisi, tekstil endüstrisinde bilgisayar desteği, CAD/ CAM sistemleri, sistemlerin kullanıldığı alanlar, bilgisayar destekli desen ve model tasarım sistemleri, kalıp, serileme, pastal, kumaĢ serme, kesim ve CAD/ CAM sistemine bağlı kullanılan çeĢitli programlar, bu programların özellikleri, sistemlerin kazandırdığı olanaklar incelenmiĢtir. Türkiye genelinde bilgisayar destekli tekstil tasarım ve kalıp programlarını kullanan okulların belirlenebilmesi için, Tekstil Teknolojisi ve Giyim Üretim Teknolojisi alanlarında eğitim veren kız meslek liseleri alan ve dal listesi, Kız Tekniköğretim Genel Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı okulların telefon ve internet adreslerine ulaĢılmıĢtır. Bu listeler incelenerek, okullardaki alan ve dalların durumu, program bulunan atölyelerin sayıları ve kullanılan programların tespiti için okullara tek tek telefon edilerek, okul idareleri ile görüĢülerek eğitim veren kız meslek liseleri belirlenmiĢtir. AraĢtırma; Kız Tekniköğretim Genel Müdürlüğü bünyesindeki Kız Meslek Liseleri ile sınırlı tutulup, bilgisayar destekli tekstil tasarım ve kalıp programları kullanan kız meslek liselerinden oluĢan toplam 10 okulda yürütülmüĢtür. Bu okullarda Tekstil Teknolojisi ve Giyim Üretim Teknolojisi alanlarında derslere giren öğretmenlerin, bölüm baĢkanlarının, atölye Ģeflerinin, yöneticilerin görüĢlerini ortaya koymak, öğrenci çalıĢmalarını, okul fiziksel ve sektörel imkânlarını araĢtırmak amacı ile anket ve görüĢme formu hazırlanmıĢtır. Ayrıca değerlendirme için yazılı dokümanlar, eğitim raporları, ödevleri, öğrenci çalıĢmaları vs. incelenerek atölye donanım durumu ve öğrenci çalıĢmaları fotoğraflanmıĢtır. Veri toplama aracı olarak okul genel bilgileri, istatistiksel verilerin toplanması amacı ile görüĢme formu düzenlenmiĢtir. GörüĢme formu yöneticilerle çalıĢılmıĢtır. Kız meslek liselerinin bölümleri, alanın, dalın durumu, bilgisayar destekli tasarım ve kalıp atölyelerinin donanım durumları incelenmiĢtir. Anket, eğitim veren alan ders öğretmenlerine, bölüm ve atölye Ģeflerine uygulanmıĢtır. Anket veri toplama aracının ilk bölümü kiĢisel niteliklerden, öğretmenlerin eğitim durumları ve görev yaptıkları okullar ile ilgili sorulardan oluĢmaktadır. Ġkinci bölüm okuldaki bilgisayarlı tasarım ve kalıp atölyelerinin donanım özelliklerini belirleyen, üçünçü bölüm ise öğrenci durumlarını belirleyen sorulardan oluĢmaktadır. Anketlerden elde edilen verilerle istatistik sonuçlara varılmıĢtır.
Computer technologies that are used within almost all areas, have also entered into the education and are being used very effectively at the present. The one of the goals of the education is to help to individuals to be educated to be qualified on what society expects from them. Commercial and technical education are responsible to have individuals to be one of the knowledge-age member and to be that one who has got the all features of a member of the knowledge-society. On the direction of this responsibilities, education institues should keep teachers updated, direct them to use new technologies, and should be open to new technologies. Ġn this research, analysis of that how often computer-supported textile designs and pattern programmes are used in the vocational schools for girls, has been intented. This research is a description research in the scanning model that is about the existing condition. Ġn this study, Turkish National Education System, Ministry of National Education, General directorate of the secondary education,Vocational and technical secondary schools in the secondary education, Schools that are related to General directorate of technical education for girls,formal and common education institutes, have been analysed. That computer-supported textile design and pattern programmes have been educated on the sections of textile technologies and apparel production technologies in the vocational schools for girls that are among the formal education institutes, has been sighted. The programmes that are educating textile technologies and apparel production technologies, Frame Education programmes, field of professions under the sections, weekly Lesson programmes, modules and lessons in frame education programmes have been analysed. Computer, descriptions, data processing units, areas of usage, accoutrement units that are needed for usage of textile design and patternt programmes, have been analysed. Computer-supported textile design and pattern programmes that have been used in “ready to wear industries”, support of computer in the ready to wear industries, the systmes of CAD/ CAM and the areas that these systems are being used, Computer-supported figure and model design systems, pattern, seriation, cloth spreading, cutting and some kind of programmes that related to the CAD/ CAM,features of these programmes, benefits of these systems have been analysed. For defining of the schools that using the computer supported textile design and pattern-maker programmes in the most of the Turkey, section and area lists of the vocational schools for girl that give education to their students about textile and apparel production technologies. Phone numbers and internet adresses of the schools that related to general directorate of the technical education for girls,have been obtained.By analysing these lists, condition of the sections and areas in that schools, numbers of workplaces that have got programmes and for specifying of what kind of programmes are used,vocational schools for girls, have been specified by calling schools and talking to administrators of the schools.This research has been processed by limiting the numbers of vocational schools for girls that are within the scope of general directorate of Technical education.This study has been processed within in total 10 schools that have been chosen from vocational schools for girls in Ġstanbul and Turkey, and that have used computersupported textile design and pattern-maker programmes. A survey and interview form have been prepared to introduce the thoughts of the teachers who have given textile and apparel production technologies education ,ministers of the fields, chiefs of the workplaces, administrators Ġn this schools, and to search works of students, industrial potential and physical conditions of the schools. Additionally, workplaces equipment conditions and works of students have been picturized by analysing written documents for commentating, reports of meetings, education report tasks, works of students, etc. As tool to gather data, an interview form has been prepared to gather general informations of schools and statistical datas. Ġnterview form has been applied to administrators. The sections of vocational schools for girl,project works,conditions of the grads, conditions of fields and sections, equipment condition of the computer-supported design and pattern workplaces, have been analysed. The Survey has been applied to teachers who give education, chiefs of section and workplaces. The first part of the data collection tool of the survey includes the personal qualifications, educational condition of the teachers and questions about the schools that they worked in.Second part includes the questions that specify equipment features of the design and pattern workplaces that have computer, third part includes questions that specify the conditions of the students. Statistical results have been obtained with datas from surveys applied.
Computer technologies that are used within almost all areas, have also entered into the education and are being used very effectively at the present. The one of the goals of the education is to help to individuals to be educated to be qualified on what society expects from them. Commercial and technical education are responsible to have individuals to be one of the knowledge-age member and to be that one who has got the all features of a member of the knowledge-society. On the direction of this responsibilities, education institues should keep teachers updated, direct them to use new technologies, and should be open to new technologies. Ġn this research, analysis of that how often computer-supported textile designs and pattern programmes are used in the vocational schools for girls, has been intented. This research is a description research in the scanning model that is about the existing condition. Ġn this study, Turkish National Education System, Ministry of National Education, General directorate of the secondary education,Vocational and technical secondary schools in the secondary education, Schools that are related to General directorate of technical education for girls,formal and common education institutes, have been analysed. That computer-supported textile design and pattern programmes have been educated on the sections of textile technologies and apparel production technologies in the vocational schools for girls that are among the formal education institutes, has been sighted. The programmes that are educating textile technologies and apparel production technologies, Frame Education programmes, field of professions under the sections, weekly Lesson programmes, modules and lessons in frame education programmes have been analysed. Computer, descriptions, data processing units, areas of usage, accoutrement units that are needed for usage of textile design and patternt programmes, have been analysed. Computer-supported textile design and pattern programmes that have been used in “ready to wear industries”, support of computer in the ready to wear industries, the systmes of CAD/ CAM and the areas that these systems are being used, Computer-supported figure and model design systems, pattern, seriation, cloth spreading, cutting and some kind of programmes that related to the CAD/ CAM,features of these programmes, benefits of these systems have been analysed. For defining of the schools that using the computer supported textile design and pattern-maker programmes in the most of the Turkey, section and area lists of the vocational schools for girl that give education to their students about textile and apparel production technologies. Phone numbers and internet adresses of the schools that related to general directorate of the technical education for girls,have been obtained.By analysing these lists, condition of the sections and areas in that schools, numbers of workplaces that have got programmes and for specifying of what kind of programmes are used,vocational schools for girls, have been specified by calling schools and talking to administrators of the schools.This research has been processed by limiting the numbers of vocational schools for girls that are within the scope of general directorate of Technical education.This study has been processed within in total 10 schools that have been chosen from vocational schools for girls in Ġstanbul and Turkey, and that have used computersupported textile design and pattern-maker programmes. A survey and interview form have been prepared to introduce the thoughts of the teachers who have given textile and apparel production technologies education ,ministers of the fields, chiefs of the workplaces, administrators Ġn this schools, and to search works of students, industrial potential and physical conditions of the schools. Additionally, workplaces equipment conditions and works of students have been picturized by analysing written documents for commentating, reports of meetings, education report tasks, works of students, etc. As tool to gather data, an interview form has been prepared to gather general informations of schools and statistical datas. Ġnterview form has been applied to administrators. The sections of vocational schools for girl,project works,conditions of the grads, conditions of fields and sections, equipment condition of the computer-supported design and pattern workplaces, have been analysed. The Survey has been applied to teachers who give education, chiefs of section and workplaces. The first part of the data collection tool of the survey includes the personal qualifications, educational condition of the teachers and questions about the schools that they worked in.Second part includes the questions that specify equipment features of the design and pattern workplaces that have computer, third part includes questions that specify the conditions of the students. Statistical results have been obtained with datas from surveys applied.