Publication: Örgüt kültürü ile örgüt iklimi arasındaki ilişki
Abstract
İşletmeler, bir takım amaçları gerçekleştirmek için bir araya gelen hammadde, makine, insan ve organizasyon gibi üretim araçlarının uygun bir bileşiminden oluşmuş kuruluşlardır. Yönetim ise, belirli hedefleri gerçekleştirmek için bir araya gelmiş iki veya daha fazla kişimin meydana getirdiği bir grup faaliyeti ya da bir sosyal olaydır. Bu iki tanımdan çıkartacağımız sonuç ise; İşletmeler çoğu kez belirli amaçları gerçekleştirmek için diğer üretim etmenleriyle birlikte bir grup insandan oluşmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu iki kavram yani işleme ve yönetim birbirlerini tamamlayan bir bilim dalının doğmasına yol açmıştır. İlk kez Peters ve Waterman (Peters/ Waterman: 1982) tarafından Amerika’da Pascale ve Athos tarafından ise Japonya’da incelenmiş olan literatürde Firma Kültürü, Kurumsal Kültür, İşletme Kültürü olarak da dile getirilen Örgüt Kültürüne ilişkin tanımları Şöyle sıralayabiliriz; Schein’e göre; örgütsel kültür; “belli bir grup tarafından kendisinin gerek çevreye uyumu gerekse içi bütünleşmesi sırasında öğrendiği geçerliliği kanıtlayacak düzeyde olumlu sonuç vermiş olan ve bu nedenle yeni üyelere programları algılamanın, düşünmenin ve hissetmenin doğru yolu olarak öğretilen, bir takım varsayımlardır”. Örgütsel kültür, örgüt üyelerinin paylaştığı duygular, normlar, etkileşimler, etkinlikler, beklentiler, varsayımlar, inançlar, tutumlar ve değerlerden oluşmaktadır. Bu alanda otorite olan E. Scheine göre örgütte hemen hemen yönetici tarafından etkilenmektedir. Örgütsel kültür çalışma yaşamında güçlü bir değer mekanizmasıdır. Toplumda yaşamını sürdürmeye çalışan sistem olarak örgütler içinde toplumdan girdi sağlayan, bu girdileri çıktı haline dönüştürecek topluma hizmet eden açık sistemlerdir. Yönetimin, örgütsel süreçlerin düzenlenmesine ek olarak, insanların istekli ve etkili çalışmaya motive edildiği bir örgütsel iklim yaratma zorunluluğu bulunmaktadır. Örgütsel iklim genel bir kavramdır ve tam olarak açıklanması çok güçtür. Bu kavram, atmosfer için yaptığımız tanımlama ve coğrafi bir bölgenin ikliminin çevresel kuvvetlerin birleşimi sonucu oluşmasına benzetilerek açıklanmaya çalışılabilir. Örgütü kuşatan psikolojik atmosfere örgütsel iklim denilmektedir. koloji, Yönetim, İşletme
Businesses are the establishments which came together to implement some goals and which were comprised of a suitable combination of production means such as raw material, machine, human and organization. Management is a group activity or a social event which came together to implement certain goals and which was constituted by two or more people. The result which we concluded from these two definitions is that, businesses comprise of a group of people together with other production factors to implement certain goals frequently. So, these two definitions in other words business and management led to the birth of a science complementary. We can list the definitions related to Corporate Culture, Institutional Culture, Organizational Culture which is also expressed as culture of a institution-enterprise – organization in the literature analyzed by Peters and Waterman (Peters/ Waterman: 1982) in America and by Pascale and Athos in Japan; according to Schein, organizational culture is some assumptions which brought to a successful conclusion in a level which would prove the learnt validity during both the person’s adaptation to the environment and internal integration by the certain group and so which are learnt to new members as a true way to perceive, think and feel the programs. Organizational culture comprises of emotions, norms, interactions, activities, expectations, assumptions, beliefs, attitudes and values which are shared by members of the organization. According to E. Schein who is the authority in this field, organization is nearly affected by manager. Organizational culture is a strong value mechanism in working life. They are open systems which service to the society, providing input from the society and changing these inputs to the outputs as systems which try to lead a life in society. In addition to the adjustments of organizational processes, there is a necessity of management to create organizational climate in which people are enthusiastic and they are motivated for working. Organizational climate is a general concept and it is quite hard to explain fully. This concept can be tried to explain by comparing the composition of identification which we made for atmosphere and the climate of a geographical region as a result of combination of environmental powers. The physiological atmosphere which incloses the organization is called organizational climate. KEY WORDS: Climate, Organization, Culture, Psychology, Management, Business
Businesses are the establishments which came together to implement some goals and which were comprised of a suitable combination of production means such as raw material, machine, human and organization. Management is a group activity or a social event which came together to implement certain goals and which was constituted by two or more people. The result which we concluded from these two definitions is that, businesses comprise of a group of people together with other production factors to implement certain goals frequently. So, these two definitions in other words business and management led to the birth of a science complementary. We can list the definitions related to Corporate Culture, Institutional Culture, Organizational Culture which is also expressed as culture of a institution-enterprise – organization in the literature analyzed by Peters and Waterman (Peters/ Waterman: 1982) in America and by Pascale and Athos in Japan; according to Schein, organizational culture is some assumptions which brought to a successful conclusion in a level which would prove the learnt validity during both the person’s adaptation to the environment and internal integration by the certain group and so which are learnt to new members as a true way to perceive, think and feel the programs. Organizational culture comprises of emotions, norms, interactions, activities, expectations, assumptions, beliefs, attitudes and values which are shared by members of the organization. According to E. Schein who is the authority in this field, organization is nearly affected by manager. Organizational culture is a strong value mechanism in working life. They are open systems which service to the society, providing input from the society and changing these inputs to the outputs as systems which try to lead a life in society. In addition to the adjustments of organizational processes, there is a necessity of management to create organizational climate in which people are enthusiastic and they are motivated for working. Organizational climate is a general concept and it is quite hard to explain fully. This concept can be tried to explain by comparing the composition of identification which we made for atmosphere and the climate of a geographical region as a result of combination of environmental powers. The physiological atmosphere which incloses the organization is called organizational climate. KEY WORDS: Climate, Organization, Culture, Psychology, Management, Business