Publication: TÜRKİYE YÜKSEKÖĞRETİM TARİHİNDEN BİR KESİT: TÜRK YURDU DERGİSİNDE ÜNİVERSİTE TARTIŞMASI (1956-1961)
Abstract
Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin modernleşmesinin önemli bir ayağını eğitim oluşturmaktadır.Türkiye’de Tanzimat’tan bu yana yaşanan değişim ve dönüşümden en çok etkilenen alanlarınbaşında eğitim gelmektedir. Türk yükseköğretim serüveni 19.yüzyılın ikinci yarısındaDarülfünunla başlamış, Cumhuriyet döneminde kurulan üniversitelerle devam etmiştir.Cumhuriyet döneminde üniversitelerin açılmaya başlaması ve yaygınlaşması, eğitim sistemininyeni yapılanması açısından tamamlayıcı bir gelişme olmuştur. Türk yükseköğretimi veüniversitelerin tarihsel gelişimi üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar sınırlıdır. Özellikle yeni eğitimparadigmasının hedefleri ve boyutlarına ilişkin dönemin özgün kaynaklarına dayalı çalışmalarhenüz yenidir. Bu çalışma Türk yükseköğretim tarihini aydınlatma konusunda asıl bilgilere veözgün tartışmalara yer veren Türk Yurdu dergisi üzerinden yeni bilgiler kazandırmayıamaçlamıştır. Türk Yurdu, II. Meşrutiyetten günümüze aralıklı olarak yayın hayatını sürdüren,Türkiye’nin en uzun soluklu dergilerinden biridir. Bu çalışmada, Türk Yurdu dergisindekiüniversite ile ilgili makalelerden hareketle, 1950’li yıllardan sonra Türkiye’de yaygınlaşmayabaşlayan üniversitelerin gelişimine akademi ve düşünce dünyasının bakış açısı sunulmayaçalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın yöntemini, tarihsel metin değerlendirmede kaynak taramaya dayalıolarak içerik tahlili oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede Türk Yurdu dergisinin beşinci ve altıncı seridönemlerinde (1954-1957, 1959-1968) dergide yayınlanan üniversite ve yükseköğretimle ilgili13 makale incelenmiş ve bu makalelerden yola çıkılarak, Türk yükseköğretimiyle ilgili 4önemli konudaki tartışmalar analiz edilmiştir. Bu dört konu üniversite kavramı, ideal üniversite,akademik kadrolar ve üniversite tarihi başlıklarını kapsamaktadır. Yapılan tahliller sonucundayazarlar tarafından alt dallardaki bulgulara yönelik olarak çeşitli yorumlar yapılmıştır
Education constitutes an important pillar of Turkish modernization. Education is among the most affected areas from the reforms and changes taking place in Turkey since the beginning of the Tanzimat reform era. The adventure of Turkish higher education started with Darülfünun in the second half of the 19th century and continued with the universities founded in the Republican era. The start and expansion of universities in the Republican era has been a complementary development in terms of the reorganization of the education system. The studies on the historical development of Turkish higher education and universities are limited. Especially the studies based on the original sources of the period regarding the objectives and dimensions of the new educational paradigm are still new. The aim of this study is to provide new information over the Journal of the Turk Yurdu, which contains original information and original discussions on the history of Turkish higher education. Turk Yurdu, continued intermittently broadcast life from 2nd constitutional monarchy era to the present, is one of Turkey's longest running journal. In this study, based on articles about the university in the Turk Yurdu Journal, viewpoint of the academic community and the world of thought about the development of universities which started to spread after 1950’s has been tried to be presented. The method of the study is content analysis based on literature review and historical text evaluation. In this frame, thirteen papers related to university and higher education published in the fifth and sixth serial periods of Turk Yurdu Journal (1954-1957, 1959-1968) were examined and the four important issues related to Turkish higher education were analyzed by way of these articles. These four topics include titles of university concept, ideal university, academic staff and university history. As a result of analyzes made, various comments were made by the authors on the findings in the subcategories.
Education constitutes an important pillar of Turkish modernization. Education is among the most affected areas from the reforms and changes taking place in Turkey since the beginning of the Tanzimat reform era. The adventure of Turkish higher education started with Darülfünun in the second half of the 19th century and continued with the universities founded in the Republican era. The start and expansion of universities in the Republican era has been a complementary development in terms of the reorganization of the education system. The studies on the historical development of Turkish higher education and universities are limited. Especially the studies based on the original sources of the period regarding the objectives and dimensions of the new educational paradigm are still new. The aim of this study is to provide new information over the Journal of the Turk Yurdu, which contains original information and original discussions on the history of Turkish higher education. Turk Yurdu, continued intermittently broadcast life from 2nd constitutional monarchy era to the present, is one of Turkey's longest running journal. In this study, based on articles about the university in the Turk Yurdu Journal, viewpoint of the academic community and the world of thought about the development of universities which started to spread after 1950’s has been tried to be presented. The method of the study is content analysis based on literature review and historical text evaluation. In this frame, thirteen papers related to university and higher education published in the fifth and sixth serial periods of Turk Yurdu Journal (1954-1957, 1959-1968) were examined and the four important issues related to Turkish higher education were analyzed by way of these articles. These four topics include titles of university concept, ideal university, academic staff and university history. As a result of analyzes made, various comments were made by the authors on the findings in the subcategories.