Publication: Fıtrat kavramı çerçevesinde eğitimde ‘İnsanın Neliği” sorusu
Abstract
FITRAT KAVRAMI ÇERÇEVESİNDE EĞİTİMDE ‘İNSANIN NELİĞİ’ SORUSU Eğitim faaliyetlerinin temel zeminini, eğitim felsefesi oluşturur. Eğitim felsefesi, özellikle insan anlayışı üzerine kuruludur. İnsan nasıl görülüyorsa, ona göre bir sistem kurma çabası ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışma, bir eğitim zihniyetine temel olması bakımından “insanın neliği” sorusunun yanıtını, “fıtrat” kavramı çerçevesinde aramaktadır. Zira bu kavram, insanın varoluş amacından başlayarak, nitelikleri ve dolayısıyla nasıl yaşayacağı, eğitileceği hakkında bir çerçeveye sahiptir. Fıtrat, insanın yaratılış amacını gerçekleştirmeye matuf yapısıdır. Bu çalışmada temel İslâmi kaynaklardan hareketle fıtrat kavramının, içeriğinde nasıl bir insan görüşü sunduğu incelenmekte ve elde edilen bu tablonun nasıl bir eğitim fikri verdiği üzerinde durulmaktadır. Fıtrat kavramının kapsamı, insanın varlık türü anlamında neliği, insan türünün genel özellikleri anlamında neliği ve bireysel özellikler anlamında neliği olmak üzere, birbirini izleyen kategoriler halinde analiz edilerek, bunların eğitim sahasına olan yansımaları değerlendirilmektedir.
THE QUESTION OF ‘WHAT HUMAN IS’ IN EDUCATION, IN TERMS OF THE ISLAMIC CONCEPT OF FITRAH Philosophy of education is the base of all educational activities. And the philosophy of education is based on especially the idea of “human”. The system of education has its characteristics according to the notion of human image. This dissertation, argues the question of ‘what human is’, along with the concept of “fitrah” (the Islamic concept of human nature), as this question is the core of educational understanding. Because the concept of fitrah, has a frame that comprises the aim of human existence, his special features, attributes and how he has to live and be educated. Fitrah is the constitution of human being, designed for performing his aim of existence. This study examines –from the basic Islamic sources- the kind of human image does the concept of fitrah present, and tries to find out some educational principles according to this human image. The scope of the concept of fitrah is examined in three gradual categories: as the kind of a living creature, as the characteristic features of this kind and as the personal differences. The reflections of these categories to education are considered.
THE QUESTION OF ‘WHAT HUMAN IS’ IN EDUCATION, IN TERMS OF THE ISLAMIC CONCEPT OF FITRAH Philosophy of education is the base of all educational activities. And the philosophy of education is based on especially the idea of “human”. The system of education has its characteristics according to the notion of human image. This dissertation, argues the question of ‘what human is’, along with the concept of “fitrah” (the Islamic concept of human nature), as this question is the core of educational understanding. Because the concept of fitrah, has a frame that comprises the aim of human existence, his special features, attributes and how he has to live and be educated. Fitrah is the constitution of human being, designed for performing his aim of existence. This study examines –from the basic Islamic sources- the kind of human image does the concept of fitrah present, and tries to find out some educational principles according to this human image. The scope of the concept of fitrah is examined in three gradual categories: as the kind of a living creature, as the characteristic features of this kind and as the personal differences. The reflections of these categories to education are considered.