Publication: Yabancı belgelerin ispat gücü
Abstract
Yabancı belgelerin ispat gücü Bu çalışma, ispat hukukunun temel unsurlarından biri olan belge delilini, yabancılık unsuru içeren belgeler bağlamında incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, yabancı belgenin tanımının hangi hukuk düzeni esas alınarak yapılacağı ve bir belgenin yabancı belge olarak nitelendirilmesi için hangi koşulların aranacağı değerlendirilecektir. Bu çerçevede, Türk hukukunda belge kavramı, belgenin ispat gücü ve bir belgenin yabancı belge sayılabilmesi için gerekli şartlar incelenecektir. Hâkimin delilleri değerlendirmesiyle ilgili getirilen bir sınırlama türü olan kanuni sınırlama, Türk hukukundaki deyimiyle senetle ispat ve senede karşı senetle ispat zorunluluğu, delillerin ispat gücüne ilişkindir. Bu bağlamda, yabancı bir belgedeki ispat gücünün hangi hukuk sistemi çerçevesinde belirleneceği ve bu gücün hangi koşullarda ortadan kaldırılabileceği incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Ayrıca, yabancı resmî belgelerin tasdik usulü ve bu süreci kolaylaştırmak amacıyla imzalanan ikili veya çok taraflı uluslararası sözleşmeler ele alınacaktır. Bu kapsamda, özellikle çok sayıda devletin taraf olduğu 1961 tarihli “Yabancı Resmî Belgelerin Tasdik Mecburiyetinin Kaldırılmasına Dair Lahey Sözleşmesi” ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenecektir. Yabancı adi belgelerin ispat gücü bakımından nasıl değerlendirileceği ve Türk hukukunda ele alınış biçimi incelecektir.
Probative value of foreign documents This research seeks to analyze the concept of documentary evidence, a cornerstone of evidentiary law, within the framework of documents possessing a foreign element. The study will assess the criteria for classifying a document as foreign, based on the governing legal system and the conditions under which such classification occurs. Within this scope, the notion of a document under Turkish law, its probative force, and the prerequisites for recognizing a document as foreign will be thoroughly examined. In Turkish law, the principle of proof by document and the requirement of counter proof by document impose constraints on a judge’s discretion in evaluating evidence, directly relating to the evidentiary value of documents. Consequently, this study will investigate which legal system governs the probative force of a foreign document and the circumstances under which this evidentiary value may be challenged or invalidated. Additionally, the research will explore the authentication procedures for foreign official documents and the role of bilateral and multilateral international agreements in streamlining these processes. A particular focus will be placed on a comprehensive examination of the 1961 Hague Convention on the Abolition of the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents, to which numerous states are signatories. The study will examine how the probative force of foreign unofficial documents is evaluated and their treatment under Turkish law.
Probative value of foreign documents This research seeks to analyze the concept of documentary evidence, a cornerstone of evidentiary law, within the framework of documents possessing a foreign element. The study will assess the criteria for classifying a document as foreign, based on the governing legal system and the conditions under which such classification occurs. Within this scope, the notion of a document under Turkish law, its probative force, and the prerequisites for recognizing a document as foreign will be thoroughly examined. In Turkish law, the principle of proof by document and the requirement of counter proof by document impose constraints on a judge’s discretion in evaluating evidence, directly relating to the evidentiary value of documents. Consequently, this study will investigate which legal system governs the probative force of a foreign document and the circumstances under which this evidentiary value may be challenged or invalidated. Additionally, the research will explore the authentication procedures for foreign official documents and the role of bilateral and multilateral international agreements in streamlining these processes. A particular focus will be placed on a comprehensive examination of the 1961 Hague Convention on the Abolition of the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents, to which numerous states are signatories. The study will examine how the probative force of foreign unofficial documents is evaluated and their treatment under Turkish law.