Publication: Diyetle indüklenmiş obezitede egzersizin testis morfolojisi, hücre proliferasyonu ve kan testis bariyeri üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmada yüzme egzersizinin yüksek yağlı diyet (YYD) ile oluşturulmuş obez sıçanların testisinde spermatogenik hücre proliferasyonu, kan testis bariyeri, enflamatuvar ve oksidatif belirteçler ve hormon seviyeleri üzerindeki etkilerini göstermek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Sprague Dawley cinsi erkek sıçanlar 18 hafta boyunca standart (STD grubu; % 6 yağ içeren yem) veya YYD (YYD grubu; % 45 yağ içeren yem) yem ile beslendiler. Bu hayvanların yarısına son 6 hafta boyunca yüzme egzersizi (STD+EGZ ve YYD+EGZ grupları; günde 1 saat, haftada 5 gün) yaptırıldı. Testis örnekleri morfolojik ve ultrastrüktürel yöntemlerle, hücre proliferasyonu ve apoptozu, kan testis bariyeri histokimyasal yöntemlerle değerlendirildi. Kan serumunda lipid ve hormon düzeyleri ve dokuda oksidatif stres belirteçleri biyokimyasal olarak incelendi. Tüm veriler istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: YYD grubunda hasarlı tübül sayısında ve apoptotik hücrelerde artış, hücrelerarası alanlarda genişleme, proliferatif hücre sayısında, Sertoli hücrelerinin sıkı bağlantı proteinleri ZO-1, Okludin ve ara bağlantı proteini Cx 43 immünreaktivitesinde azalma gözlendi. Bu grupta, serum total kolesterol, trigliserid seviyesinde, doku MDA seviyesinde ve MPO aktivitesinde artış görülürken, GSH seviyesinde ve SOD aktivitesinde ise azalma görüldü. YYD+EGZ grubunda ise tüm bu histolojik ve biyokimyasal bulguların düzeldiği gözlendi. Sonuçlar: Yüksek yağlı diyetin testis morfolojisinde bozulmaya, kan testis bariyerinde değişikliklere ve oksidan hasarın artışına sebep olduğu görüldü. Egzersizin ise testis fonksiyonlarını düzenleyen hormonal dengeyi düzenleyerek, enflamasyonu azaltarak, oksidan/ antioksidan ve hücre proliferasyonu/ apoptotik dengeyi düzenleyerek, kan-testis bariyer bütünlüğünü koruyarak testis hasarını önlediği düşünülmektedir.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of execise on spermatogenic cell proliferation, blood testis barrier, inflammatory and oxidative markers and hormone levels in testes of high fat diet (HFD) induced obese rats. Material and Methods: Sprague Dawley male rats were fed with standard (STD group; 6% calories as fat) or HFD (HFD group; 45% calories as fat) for 18 weeks. Half of these animals were trained swimming exercise (STD+EXC and HFD+EXC groups; 1 hour a day, 5 days a week) for the last 6 weeks. Testis samples were evaluated by histological and ultrastructural methods. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and blood testis barrier was examined by histochemical methods. Lipid and hormone levels in blood serum and oxidative stress markers in tissue were examined by biochemically. All data were analyzed by statistically. Results: Damaged tubules and apoptotic cells were increased and dilated intercellular areas were seen in HFD group. The number of proliferative cells and Sertoli cell tight junction protein immunoreactivity (ir) of ZO-1, Occludin and gap junction protein ir of Cx 43 were decreased in the HFD group. In this group, serum total cholesterol and triglyceride level, tissue MDA level and MPO activity increased, GSH level and SOD activity were decreased. All these histological and biochemical findings were ameliorated in HFD+EXC group. Conclusion: It was observed that high fat diet caused degeneration of testis morphology, altered blood testis barrier integrity and increased oxidative damage. It is thought that exercise prevented testicular damage by regulating hormonal balance and testicular functions, reducing inflammation, regulating oxidant/ antioxidant and cell proliferation/ apoptotic balance, and also preserving blood-testicular barrier integrity.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of execise on spermatogenic cell proliferation, blood testis barrier, inflammatory and oxidative markers and hormone levels in testes of high fat diet (HFD) induced obese rats. Material and Methods: Sprague Dawley male rats were fed with standard (STD group; 6% calories as fat) or HFD (HFD group; 45% calories as fat) for 18 weeks. Half of these animals were trained swimming exercise (STD+EXC and HFD+EXC groups; 1 hour a day, 5 days a week) for the last 6 weeks. Testis samples were evaluated by histological and ultrastructural methods. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and blood testis barrier was examined by histochemical methods. Lipid and hormone levels in blood serum and oxidative stress markers in tissue were examined by biochemically. All data were analyzed by statistically. Results: Damaged tubules and apoptotic cells were increased and dilated intercellular areas were seen in HFD group. The number of proliferative cells and Sertoli cell tight junction protein immunoreactivity (ir) of ZO-1, Occludin and gap junction protein ir of Cx 43 were decreased in the HFD group. In this group, serum total cholesterol and triglyceride level, tissue MDA level and MPO activity increased, GSH level and SOD activity were decreased. All these histological and biochemical findings were ameliorated in HFD+EXC group. Conclusion: It was observed that high fat diet caused degeneration of testis morphology, altered blood testis barrier integrity and increased oxidative damage. It is thought that exercise prevented testicular damage by regulating hormonal balance and testicular functions, reducing inflammation, regulating oxidant/ antioxidant and cell proliferation/ apoptotic balance, and also preserving blood-testicular barrier integrity.