Publication: Tip 1 diyabetli çocuğa sahip ailelerin çocuğun bakımıyla ilgilli yaklaştıkları güçlükler
Abstract
Araştırma, tip 1 diyabetli çocuklara sahip ailelerin çocuğun bakımıyla ilgili yaşadıkları güçlükleri belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak planlanmıştır. Araştırma, 23.11.2004 - 05.04.2005 tarihleri arasında İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı Büyüme Gelişme ve Endokrinoloji Polikliniği’nde tip 1 diyabet tanısı konmuş, ayaktan tedavi gören, 0-18 yaş arası 142 çocuğun ebeveynleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verileri literatür bilgilerinden yararlanılarak hazırlanan bir soru formu ile toplanmıştır. Soru formu tip 1 diyabetli çocuk ve ailelerinin tanıtıcı özellikleri ile yaşadıkları güçlüklere ilişkin bilgilerden oluşmuştur. Araştırmaya katılan çocukların %47,2’si 7-12 yaş arasındadır. Bakım verenlerin %71,8’ini anneler oluşturmaktadır. Ailelerin %9,9’unun hiç bir sağlık güvencesi yoktur. Ekonomik güçlük yaşadığını ifade eden %46,5 ailenin %18,1’i akrabaları tarafından desteklenmektedir. Sosyal yaşantısında kısıtlama ifade eden ailelerin (%52,8), %35,6’sı eğlence, tatil gibi aktivitelerinde kısıtlama yaşadıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Ailelerin %16,2’si insülin uygulamada, %9,9’u kan şekeri ölçümünde güçlük yaşarken, %44,4’ü diyet hazırlama ve diyete uyumda güçlük yaşadıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Çocuğun hastaneye yatması ailelerin %63,1’inde güçlük yaratmış, aileler çoğunlukla (%40) bu güçlüğün çocuklarının hastalıklarını kabullenememelerinden kaynaklandığını belirtmişlerdir. Ailelerin %16,7’sinin egzersiz ile ilgili güçlük yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Tip 1 diyabetli çocuğa bakım veren kişilerin %63,4’ünün sinirlilik, %43,7’sinin korku, %32,4’ünün uykusuzluk, %21,1’inin içe kapanıklılık, %16,9’unun yalnızlık hissi duygularını yaşadıkları saptanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, tip 1 diyabetli çocuğa sahip ailelerin, ekonomik alanda, sosyal yaşantıda, insülin uygulamada, kan şekeri ölçümünde ve diyet uygulama/ diyete uyumda güçlük yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Sağlık profesyonellerinin, tip 1 diyabetli çocuğa sahip aileler ile multidisipliner bir ekip yaklaşımıyla çalışarak saptanan sorunlara önem vermelerinin, ailelerin yaşadıkları güçlükleri azaltmada etkili olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.
The research has been planned as a descriptive study designed to determine the difficulties of care about children faced by families with the children suffering from Type 1 Diabetes. The study involved the parents of 142 children, aged 0-18, who were outpatients diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes and who presented at the Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine Pediatric Health and Diseases Department Growth and Endocrinology Polyclinic during the period November 23, 2004 – April 5, 2005. Research data was collected by means of a questionnaire that was prepared on the basis of information accessed in the literature. The questionnaire comprised information on identifying characteristics of Type 1 Diabetic children and their families and of the types of difficulties they were facing. Of the children participating in the study, 47.2% were aged 7-12. A proportion of 71.8% of the children’s care-givers were their mothers. Of the families, 9.9% had no health insurance. A proportion of 46.5% of the families stated that they were in financial difficulty and of these, 18.1% were supported by relatives. A proportion of 52.8% of the families expressed that their social life was limited and of these, 35.6% stated that they had limited opportunities for social activities such as entertainment or vacations. While 16.2% of the families expressed difficulties in insulin implementation, 9,9% said they had trouble with blood-sugar measurement. Another 44.4% expressed difficulties with preparing and following a dietary plan. Having a child hospitalized was difficult for 63.1% of the families and regarding this, most of the families (40%) said that this was due to their children’s inability to accept that they had the disease. A proportion of 16.7% of the families said they had difficulties with exercise. Care-givers for Type 1 Diabetic children complained of nervousness (63.4%), fear (43.7%), insomnia (32.4%), feelings of introversion (21.1%) and of loneliness (16.9%). The results of the study showed that families with children having Type 1 Diabetes had economic and social difficulties, problems with insulin implementation, blood-sugar measurements and with conforming to and implementing a dietary plan. The conclusion has been reached that families can be effectively helped to overcome their problems if health professionals place importance on the difficulties suffered by Type 1 Diabetic children and their families and handle the issue with a multidisciplinary team approach.
The research has been planned as a descriptive study designed to determine the difficulties of care about children faced by families with the children suffering from Type 1 Diabetes. The study involved the parents of 142 children, aged 0-18, who were outpatients diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes and who presented at the Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine Pediatric Health and Diseases Department Growth and Endocrinology Polyclinic during the period November 23, 2004 – April 5, 2005. Research data was collected by means of a questionnaire that was prepared on the basis of information accessed in the literature. The questionnaire comprised information on identifying characteristics of Type 1 Diabetic children and their families and of the types of difficulties they were facing. Of the children participating in the study, 47.2% were aged 7-12. A proportion of 71.8% of the children’s care-givers were their mothers. Of the families, 9.9% had no health insurance. A proportion of 46.5% of the families stated that they were in financial difficulty and of these, 18.1% were supported by relatives. A proportion of 52.8% of the families expressed that their social life was limited and of these, 35.6% stated that they had limited opportunities for social activities such as entertainment or vacations. While 16.2% of the families expressed difficulties in insulin implementation, 9,9% said they had trouble with blood-sugar measurement. Another 44.4% expressed difficulties with preparing and following a dietary plan. Having a child hospitalized was difficult for 63.1% of the families and regarding this, most of the families (40%) said that this was due to their children’s inability to accept that they had the disease. A proportion of 16.7% of the families said they had difficulties with exercise. Care-givers for Type 1 Diabetic children complained of nervousness (63.4%), fear (43.7%), insomnia (32.4%), feelings of introversion (21.1%) and of loneliness (16.9%). The results of the study showed that families with children having Type 1 Diabetes had economic and social difficulties, problems with insulin implementation, blood-sugar measurements and with conforming to and implementing a dietary plan. The conclusion has been reached that families can be effectively helped to overcome their problems if health professionals place importance on the difficulties suffered by Type 1 Diabetic children and their families and handle the issue with a multidisciplinary team approach.