Publication: Mülkiye Tekaüd Sandığı’nın kuruluşu ve faaliyetlari (1880-1890)
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, 1879 yılında kurulan ve 1880 yılından itibaren mülkiye memurlarının emeklilik işlemlerini gerçekleştiren Mülkiye Tekaüd Sandığı’nın faaliyetleri incelenmektedir. Mülkiye Tekaüd Sandığı, Osmanlı Devleti’nde bürokrasiyi oluşturan memurların emeklilik işlemlerini gerçekleştiren kurumdu. Sandığın kuruluş nedeni, ekonominin içinde bulunduğu sıkıntılardı. Faaliyete geçtikten bir yıl sonra diğer emeklilik kurumlarının da bünyesine dahil edilmesiyle, hemen hemen tüm bürokrasiyi kapsayan bir yapıya kavuştu. İlk 10 yıl içinde sistemin daha iyi çalışması için yasal alt yapıda bir takım değişiklikler yapıldı. Memur maaşlarından %5 oranında kesilen aidatla oluşturulan fonun büyüklüğü, 10 yılda milyonlarla ifade edilen rakamlara ulaştı. Yaşlılık dönemlerinde aylık alma hakkına kavuşan memurların yanında, öldüklerinde geride kalan eş ve çocukları da güvence altına alınmaya çalışıldı. İlk 10 yıllık dönemde yaklaşık 6.500 kişiye emekli aylığı bağlandı. Fonda meydana gelen birikim Bank-ı Osmanî’de, faiz karşılığı değerlendirildi. Birikimin önemli kısmı, maliyenin içinde bulunduğu sıkıntı nedeniyle hazinenin finansmanında kullanıldı. Bir nezaret biçiminde örgütlenen Mülkiye Tekaüd Sandığı, emeklilik fonunun idaresini gerçekleştirdi. Bir nazırla yönetilen sandığın, tüm kurumların temsilcilerinden oluşan iki kademeli yönetim biçimi vardı. İki farklı yönetim kademesinde alınan kararlar, ayrıca Şura-yı Devlet Tanzimat Dairesi’nce de denetlendi. memur, sandık, emeklilik, emekli aylığı, maaş, kesinti.
In this study, Civil Service Pension Fund which were established in 1879 and had performed retirement works of administrative officers since 1880 are examined. Civil Service Pension Fund was an institution that performed retirement works of officers composing the bureaucracy in The Ottoman State. Foundation reason of the fund was the troubles of the economy. One year after it started operation with inclusion of other pension institutions to the body, it gained a structure that contained of almost all bureaucracy. In first ten years, some changes were made on legal substructure for better work of the system. Size of the fund generated by dues cut from officer salaries in rate of %5, reached to numbers expressed in millions. Beside officers who had right to receive pension in old age, their spouse and children left behind when they died were tried to be taken under guarantee. In first ten year-period pension were allocated to about 6.500 people. Accumulation occured in the fund were assessed for interest in The Ottoman Bank. A significant portion of accumulation were used for financing of the treasury due to constraints of the finance. Civil Service Pension Fund organized as a ministry realised the administration of pension fund. The fund administred by a minister had two level management form consisted of representatives of all institutions. Decisions taken in two different management levels were also checked by Regulations Office of The Council of State. service, Officer, Fund, Pension/ Retirement, Pension, salary, Cut.
In this study, Civil Service Pension Fund which were established in 1879 and had performed retirement works of administrative officers since 1880 are examined. Civil Service Pension Fund was an institution that performed retirement works of officers composing the bureaucracy in The Ottoman State. Foundation reason of the fund was the troubles of the economy. One year after it started operation with inclusion of other pension institutions to the body, it gained a structure that contained of almost all bureaucracy. In first ten years, some changes were made on legal substructure for better work of the system. Size of the fund generated by dues cut from officer salaries in rate of %5, reached to numbers expressed in millions. Beside officers who had right to receive pension in old age, their spouse and children left behind when they died were tried to be taken under guarantee. In first ten year-period pension were allocated to about 6.500 people. Accumulation occured in the fund were assessed for interest in The Ottoman Bank. A significant portion of accumulation were used for financing of the treasury due to constraints of the finance. Civil Service Pension Fund organized as a ministry realised the administration of pension fund. The fund administred by a minister had two level management form consisted of representatives of all institutions. Decisions taken in two different management levels were also checked by Regulations Office of The Council of State. service, Officer, Fund, Pension/ Retirement, Pension, salary, Cut.