Publication: Astımlı hastalarda eğitimin semptom kontrolüne, atak sıklığına ve yaşam kalitesine etkisi
Abstract
1. ÖZET Bu araŞtırmanın amacı; astımlı hastalara verilen eğitimin semptom kontrolüne, atak sıklığına ve yaşam kalitesine etkisini belirlemektir. Randomize deney ve kontrollü olarak gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın örneklemini, 01 Mart – 31 Aralık 2011 tarihleri arasında İstanbul ilinde bir eğitim ve araŞtırma hastanesinin göğüs hastalıkları polikliniğe başvuran ve çalışma kriterlerine uyan 62 deney ve 62 kontrol grubu olmak üzere 124 astımlı hasta oluşturdu. Veriler yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle, hasta tanıtım formu, hasta takip ve değerlendirme formu, ağız değerlendirme rehberi, astım semptom puanı, astım kontrol testi (AKT), inhaler kullanma beceri formu, atak sıklığı sorgulama formu, astım yaşam kalitesi ölçeği (AQLQ) ve zaman içerisinde davranış değişikliği değerlendirme formu kullanılarak toplandı. Araştırmacı tarafından deney grubuna ilk görüşmede ve bir ay sonrasında yazılı ve görsel eğitim materyali kullanılarak eğitim verildi. Ġki grubun ilk görüşmelerinden dört ay sonrasında son değerlendirmeleri yapıldı. Eğitim sonrasında deney grubundaki hastaların ağız değerlendirme rehberi puanlarında, FVC (lt), FVC (%), FEV1 (lt), PEF (lt) ve PEF (%) değerlerinde, astım semptomlarında, AKT puan ortalamalarında, inhaler kullanma becerilerinde, astım atak sıklıklarında ve AQLQ yaşam kalitesinin tüm alt boyutlarında iyileşme saptandı. Deney grubunda eğitim sonrası sigara bırakan, ilaçları düzenli kullanan, düzenli olarak diş fırçalayan ve inhaler ilaç kullandıktan sonra ağız çalkalayan hasta sayısında artış oldu. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda, semptom kontrolü ile düzenli ve etkili ilaç kullanımını sağlamak, astım ataklarını önlemek, atak sıklığını azaltmak ve yaşam kalitesini yükseltmek amacıyla tedavi ile birlikte hasta eğitiminin yapılması önerilir. Astım, atak sıklığı, eğitim, semptom kontrolü, yaşam kalitesi. 2 2.
Education’s Impact on Symptom Control, Attack Frequency and Quality of Life on Astmatic Patients The aim of this study was to determine whether education given to patients with astma had any impact on symptom control, attack frequency and quality of life. The study which was randomize experiment and control was conducted 1 March – 31 December 2011 with 124 asthma patients, 62 of them in experiment group and 62 of them in the control group, who applied to a traning and research hospitol‟s chest diseases polyclinic in the city of Istanbul and matched the study criterias. The data was collected from face-to-face meetings, patient information forms, patient evaluation forms, mouth evaluation forms, asthma symptom rates, Asthma Control Test (ACT), inhaler use skill forms, asthma attack frequency forms, Asthma Quality of Life Questionnares (AQLQ) evaluations of behavioural changes in time. The experiment group was given education by the researcher in form of written and visual materials at the first meeting and one month later. Both of the groups were evaluated four months after their first meeting. After the research, recovery was detected in the experiment group patients mouth evaluation forms, FVC (lt), FVC (%), FEV1 (lt), PEF (lt) and PEF (%) values, asthma symptoms, ACT average rates, inhaler use skills, attack frequencies and in all the sub-dimensions of quality of life AQLQ. There was an increase in experiment group who quit smoking, started to taking medication regularly, brushing teeth regularly and rinsing the mouth after using inhaler. Patient education is recommended along with the treatment based on the research results for regularly and effective medication use with symptom control, prevent asthma attacks, reduce the attack frequency and for a better quality of life. Key Words: Asthma, attack frequency, education, symptom control, quality of life.
Education’s Impact on Symptom Control, Attack Frequency and Quality of Life on Astmatic Patients The aim of this study was to determine whether education given to patients with astma had any impact on symptom control, attack frequency and quality of life. The study which was randomize experiment and control was conducted 1 March – 31 December 2011 with 124 asthma patients, 62 of them in experiment group and 62 of them in the control group, who applied to a traning and research hospitol‟s chest diseases polyclinic in the city of Istanbul and matched the study criterias. The data was collected from face-to-face meetings, patient information forms, patient evaluation forms, mouth evaluation forms, asthma symptom rates, Asthma Control Test (ACT), inhaler use skill forms, asthma attack frequency forms, Asthma Quality of Life Questionnares (AQLQ) evaluations of behavioural changes in time. The experiment group was given education by the researcher in form of written and visual materials at the first meeting and one month later. Both of the groups were evaluated four months after their first meeting. After the research, recovery was detected in the experiment group patients mouth evaluation forms, FVC (lt), FVC (%), FEV1 (lt), PEF (lt) and PEF (%) values, asthma symptoms, ACT average rates, inhaler use skills, attack frequencies and in all the sub-dimensions of quality of life AQLQ. There was an increase in experiment group who quit smoking, started to taking medication regularly, brushing teeth regularly and rinsing the mouth after using inhaler. Patient education is recommended along with the treatment based on the research results for regularly and effective medication use with symptom control, prevent asthma attacks, reduce the attack frequency and for a better quality of life. Key Words: Asthma, attack frequency, education, symptom control, quality of life.