Publication: İbâdî Tefsir geleneğinde Usûl-i Hamse'nin yorumu -Teysîru't-Tefsîr örneği-
Abstract
Mu‘tezile inanç esasları, aynı isimle İbâdiyye inanç esasları arasında bulunmaktadır. İsmenolan bu benzerlik, söz konusu inanç esaslarına yüklenen anlamlar noktasında İbâdiyye veMu‘tezile’nin görüşlerini ele almayı ve aralarındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymayı gerektirmektedir. Buçalışma, Mu‘tezile ve İbâdiyye’nin isim benzerliği bulunan inanç esasları altında ele aldıkları kelâmîproblemlere nasıl yaklaştıklarını ve hangi konularda hemfikir olduklarını İbâdî tefsir geleneğiüzerinden okumayı amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca Itfiyyiş’in Teysîru’t-Tefsir eseri örnekleminde gerçekleşenbu çalışma, inanç esaslarındaki etkileşime yönelik takibin tefsir literatürü üzerinden deyapılabileceğini göstermeyi hedeflemektedir. Mu‘tezile ve İbâdiyye’nin yanı sıra İslâm dünyasınınkahir ekseriyetini teşkil eden Ehl-i sünnet’in söz konusu meselelere dair görüşleri de konumuzkapsamına girmektedir.İlk bölümde İbâdiyye, İbâdî tefsir geleneği, Itfiyyiş ve Teysîrü’t-Tefsîr’e dair bilgi verildiktensonra ikinci bölümde Usûl-i hamse altında belirlenen kelâmî meselelere dair Mu‘tezile, Ehl-i sünnet veItfiyyiş’in görüşlerine yer verilmiştir. Mu‘tezile ve Ehl-i Sünnet’e ait görüşler verilirken her ikimezhebin klasik ve modern kelam literatüründen faydalanılmıştır. Meselelerin İbâdî yorumu iseItfiyyiş’in Teysîrü’t-Tefsîr’i üzerinden verilmiştir. Yapılan metin analizleri ve mukayeseler, Usûl-ihamse’yi ismen kapsayan İbâdiyye i‘tikâdının Usûl-i hamse ile bire bir aynı olmadığını, benzeşen veayrışan yönlerinin bulunduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca İbâdiyye’nin İslâm düşünce geleneğinde önemlibir konumu haiz olduğu ve İbâdiyye’nin ilmî konumunu takdir etmede tefsir geleneklerinin önemli veistifade edilmesi gereken bir kaynak olduğu görülmüştür. Bu anlamda İbâdîlik ve İbâdî tefsir geleneğiüzerine yapılacak çalışmaların İslâm düşünce geleneği ve tefsir tarihine büyük katkı sağlayacağıdüşünülmektedir.
The basic Mu'tazila beliefs are among the basic beliefs of the Ibāḍiya with the same title. Thissimilarity in name necessitates delving into the views of İbādiya and Mu'tazila in terms of themeanings attributed to the basic beliefs in question and revealing the relationship between them. Thisstudy aims to interpret, through the tradition of Ibāḍī tafsir, how Mu'tazila and İbādiya approached thetheological problems they dealt with in the category of basic beliefs with similar titles and on whichsubjects they agreed. In addition, this study, which was carried out within the framework of Taysīr al-Tafsīr by Atafayish, aims to show that the follow-up of the interaction in the basic beliefs can also berealised through the tafsir literature. In addition to those of Mu'tazila and İbādiya, the views of Ahl al-Sunna on these issues, who constitute the overwhelming majority of the Islamic world, are also withinthe scope of our subject.After giving introducing İbādiya, İbādi tafsir tradition, Atafayish and Taysīr al-Tafsīr in thefirst chapter, the views of Mu'tazila, Ahl al-Sunna and Atafayish on theological issues determinedunder the chategory of usūl khamsa (the methods of five) are given in the second chapter. Whileserving out the opinions of Mu'tazila and Ahl al-Sunna, the classical and modern kalam literature ofboth sects was being used. The Ibāḍī interpretation of the issues is given through Atafayish’s Taysīral-Tafsīr. The text analyzes and comparisons have revealed that the Ibāḍiya creed has aspects either inaccordance with or in contradiction to the usūl al-khamsa. In addition, it has been uncovered thatIbāḍiya has an important position in the tradition of Islamic thought and that the traditions of tafsir areimportant and should be benefited from in appreciating the scholarly position of Ibāḍiya. In this sense,it is thought that studies on Ibāḍism and Ibāḍī exegesis will contribute greatly to the tradition ofIslamic thought and the history of tafsir.
The basic Mu'tazila beliefs are among the basic beliefs of the Ibāḍiya with the same title. Thissimilarity in name necessitates delving into the views of İbādiya and Mu'tazila in terms of themeanings attributed to the basic beliefs in question and revealing the relationship between them. Thisstudy aims to interpret, through the tradition of Ibāḍī tafsir, how Mu'tazila and İbādiya approached thetheological problems they dealt with in the category of basic beliefs with similar titles and on whichsubjects they agreed. In addition, this study, which was carried out within the framework of Taysīr al-Tafsīr by Atafayish, aims to show that the follow-up of the interaction in the basic beliefs can also berealised through the tafsir literature. In addition to those of Mu'tazila and İbādiya, the views of Ahl al-Sunna on these issues, who constitute the overwhelming majority of the Islamic world, are also withinthe scope of our subject.After giving introducing İbādiya, İbādi tafsir tradition, Atafayish and Taysīr al-Tafsīr in thefirst chapter, the views of Mu'tazila, Ahl al-Sunna and Atafayish on theological issues determinedunder the chategory of usūl khamsa (the methods of five) are given in the second chapter. Whileserving out the opinions of Mu'tazila and Ahl al-Sunna, the classical and modern kalam literature ofboth sects was being used. The Ibāḍī interpretation of the issues is given through Atafayish’s Taysīral-Tafsīr. The text analyzes and comparisons have revealed that the Ibāḍiya creed has aspects either inaccordance with or in contradiction to the usūl al-khamsa. In addition, it has been uncovered thatIbāḍiya has an important position in the tradition of Islamic thought and that the traditions of tafsir areimportant and should be benefited from in appreciating the scholarly position of Ibāḍiya. In this sense,it is thought that studies on Ibāḍism and Ibāḍī exegesis will contribute greatly to the tradition ofIslamic thought and the history of tafsir.