Publication: Foreign Direct Investment in Turkey, 1950-1980, A Comparative Study
Abstract
Özet: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu 'ndan miras kalan kapitülasyonlar ve dış borçlar, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nde, özellikle 1960 ve 1970'li yıllarda yabancı sermayeye karşı şüpheci bir yaklaşımın doğmasına neden olmuştur. 1954 yılında yürürlüğe giren 6224 sayılı yabancı sermayeyi teşvik kanunu oldukça liberal olmasına karşın, bu şüpheci yaklaşımın sonucunda yabancı sermayenin gelişini engelleyici bir biçimde kullanılmıştır. Bu dönemde Türkiye'ye gelen yabancı sermaye oldukça düşük miktardadır. Türkiye'yi diğer bazı gelişmekte olan ülkelerle karşılaştırdığımız zaman Türkiye'ye gelen yabancı sermaye miktarının ne derece önemsiz boyutta olduğu daha iyi görülmektedir. Bu ülkeler (Brezilya, Meksika gibi) 1960 ve 1970'li yıllar boyunca yılda ortalama 1-3 milyar dolarlık yabancı sermaye çekerken, aynı dönemde, Türkiye'ye yılda ortalama 10-15 milyon dolar arası yabancı sermaye girişi olmuştur. Bu çalışma Türkiye'de yabancı sermaye yatırımlarını, yabancı sermaye teşvik kanunlarını incelemekte, yabancı sermayenin ekonomiye katkısının ve yetersiz yabancı sermaye girişinin nedenlerinin üzerinde durmaktadır.
Abstract: In the Turkish Republic, especially in the 1960s and 1970s Foreign Investment was regarded as a very suspicious subject in Turkey as a result of the capitulations and a substantial amount of Ottoman Debt. There were many debates about the issue in the press and most of the studies in the period had generally a normative way of looking at the Foreign Direct Investment issue. During this period, a very small amount of Foreign Direct Investment entered into Turkey. This study focuses especially on the period 1950 and 1980 in which the negative attitude towards FDI was at its peak. The study examines the FDI in the Turkish economy and argues the reasons of low level of FDI flow into Turkey in comparison with Brazil (which is very similar to Turkey when market size, population and growth strategies are considered) in this period.
Abstract: In the Turkish Republic, especially in the 1960s and 1970s Foreign Investment was regarded as a very suspicious subject in Turkey as a result of the capitulations and a substantial amount of Ottoman Debt. There were many debates about the issue in the press and most of the studies in the period had generally a normative way of looking at the Foreign Direct Investment issue. During this period, a very small amount of Foreign Direct Investment entered into Turkey. This study focuses especially on the period 1950 and 1980 in which the negative attitude towards FDI was at its peak. The study examines the FDI in the Turkish economy and argues the reasons of low level of FDI flow into Turkey in comparison with Brazil (which is very similar to Turkey when market size, population and growth strategies are considered) in this period.