Publication: Karadeniz’de beyaz kum midyesi Chamelea gallina (Linneaus, 1758) avcılığı
Abstract
KARADENİZ’ DE BEYAZ KUM MİDYESİ Chamelea gallina (Linneaus , 1758) AVCILIĞI Omurgasız deniz ürünlerinden olan ve avcılığı 1988’ de ülkemizde başlayan Beyaz Kum Midyeleri Chamelea gallina L., 1758’ nin stoklarının korunması açısından Batı Karadeniz bölgesinde yapılan avlanma çalışmaları takip edilmiştir. Çalışma bölgesi Batı Karadeniz’ le sınırlı kalmış gibi görünse de bilgi belge veriler yönüyle bütünü kapsamaktadır. 2008-2009 döneminde toplam 34 adet balıkçı teknesi Beyaz Kum Midyesi Avlanma İzin Belgesi almıştır. Bu tekneler toplam da 1467 kere karaya ürün çıkarmıştır. Karaya çıkış sayısının % 50’ sine yakın kısmı İstanbul ve Kocaeli’ nde gerçekleşmiştir. Yine karaya çıkan ürün miktarının % 43’ ü yani 12.087,470 tonu Batı Karadeniz bölgesinde gerçekleşmiştir. Toplanan veriler değerlendirilerek ülkemizde yapılan Beyaz Kum Midyesi Chamelea gallina L., 1758 avcılığının yasal düzenlemeler içerisinde yapılıp yapılmadığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmış olup, yürürlükte olan avlanma yasağı sürelerinin yeterliği, günlük ve yıllık avlanma miktarı tartışılmıştır. Avrupa pazarında çok aranılan ve ülkemizin döviz girdisine katkısı olan Beyaz Kum Midyesi Chamelea gallina L., 1758 bireylerinin aşırı avlanma sonucunda etkilendiği, aşırı avlanmadan dolayı büyümeye fırsat bulamadığı ve dolayısıyla avlanma boyunun küçüldüğü saptanmıştır. Beyaz Kum Midyeleri Chamelea gallina L., 1758 stoklarının korunması, avlanmada kullanılan araç-gereçlerin usulüne uygun kullanılması, avcılığın en verimli şekilde yapılması, avlanma yasağı süresinde ve bölgelerinde düzenleme yapılması gerektiğini ortaya koyan sonuçlar elde edilmiş. Beyaz Kum Midyesi Avcılığı, Chamelea gallina, Batı Karadeniz
THE CATCHING OF CLAM Chamelea gallina (Linneaus , 1758) IN THE WEST OF BLACK SEA, TURKEY The catching studies which was done in West of Black Sea region from the aspect of preserving the existence of Clam Chamelea gallina L., 1758, which is sea product and catching of it was started at 1988 in our country, were followed. As if it seems that study area is restricted with West Black Sea region, informations and instructions covers the entire region from the aspect of datas. In 2008-2009 season 34 fishing boat has gained legal certificate. These boats put their products on the land 1467 times. Approximately 50% of this activity has been made in İstanbul and Kocaeli. 43% of the the products which was 12.087,470 tonnes was landed in West Black Sea region. Whether the catching of Clam Chamelea gallina L., 1758 was done according to regulations of government was tried to investigated by evaluating gathered datas. And also sufficiency of the time for forbidence of catching activity and amount of catching activity for daily and yearly was discussed. It is investigated that the members of Clam Chamelea gallina L., 1758 which has been looking for in Europian market was affected because of the excessive catching and as a result of this excessive catching they could not grove and consequently the length of catching was decreased. The results which is concluded the neccesity of establishing new regulations about the protection of Clam Chamelea gallina L., 1758 existence, usage of tools that are used in catching in accordance with regulations, maintaining the standardisation, making the catching activity by using most efficient ways and in the period of forbidence of catching and instructions are found. Key Words: The Catching Of Clam, Chamelea gallina, West Of Black Sea
THE CATCHING OF CLAM Chamelea gallina (Linneaus , 1758) IN THE WEST OF BLACK SEA, TURKEY The catching studies which was done in West of Black Sea region from the aspect of preserving the existence of Clam Chamelea gallina L., 1758, which is sea product and catching of it was started at 1988 in our country, were followed. As if it seems that study area is restricted with West Black Sea region, informations and instructions covers the entire region from the aspect of datas. In 2008-2009 season 34 fishing boat has gained legal certificate. These boats put their products on the land 1467 times. Approximately 50% of this activity has been made in İstanbul and Kocaeli. 43% of the the products which was 12.087,470 tonnes was landed in West Black Sea region. Whether the catching of Clam Chamelea gallina L., 1758 was done according to regulations of government was tried to investigated by evaluating gathered datas. And also sufficiency of the time for forbidence of catching activity and amount of catching activity for daily and yearly was discussed. It is investigated that the members of Clam Chamelea gallina L., 1758 which has been looking for in Europian market was affected because of the excessive catching and as a result of this excessive catching they could not grove and consequently the length of catching was decreased. The results which is concluded the neccesity of establishing new regulations about the protection of Clam Chamelea gallina L., 1758 existence, usage of tools that are used in catching in accordance with regulations, maintaining the standardisation, making the catching activity by using most efficient ways and in the period of forbidence of catching and instructions are found. Key Words: The Catching Of Clam, Chamelea gallina, West Of Black Sea