Publication: Âdetü’l-Kur’ân: Kur’an’ın İfade ve Üslup Örfü
Abstract
Bu makalede “Âdetü’l-Kur’ân” (Kur’an’ın ifade ve üslup örfü) terimi/tabiri ve bu terimintefsir geleneğindeki işlevi ele alınacaktır. “Âdetü’l-Kur’ân” terimi konu itibariyle Kur’an’ınnazım ve üslup özelliğiyle alakalıdır. Klasik dönemlerde Fahreddîn er-Râzî (ö. 606/1210)ve diğer birçok müfessir Kur’an dilindeki bu özelliği “Âdetü’l-Kur’ân” diye kavramlaştırmıştır. Son dönemde ise İbn Âşûr (ö. 1973) et-Tahrîr ve’t-tenvîr adlı Kur’an tefsirinin mukaddimesinde Âdetü’l-Kur’ân konusuna dair müstakil bir başlık açmıştır. Âdetü’l-Kur’ânkapsamında değerlendirilen birçok konunun, özellikle tevhid, meâd ve nübüvvetle ilgilibirçok farklı hususun iç içe geçmiş şekilde aktarımı Ulûmü’l-Kur’ân literatüründe “tenâsübü’l-ây ve’s-süver” kapsamında ele alınır. “Âdâtü’l-Kur’ân” terimi Kur’an’ın dil dizgesindeve söz diziminde kalıplaşmış, yerleşik hâl almış ve bir bakıma standartlaşarak örf karakteri kazanmış ifade, üslup ve anlatım şekillerine atıfta bulunur. Ancak Kur’an’ın yerleşikifade ve anlatım tarzına ilişkin genel nitelemede “âdet” lafzının kullanılması kelâmî terminolojinin bir yansımasıdır. Âdetü’l-Kur’ân kapsamında değerlendirilen hususlara muttaliolmak, genelde Kur’an’ın dil ve kavram dünyasını, özelde ifade, üslup ve anlatım tarzınıdaha iyi anlayıp kavramak gibi önemli bir ilmî fayda içerir.
In this article, the content of the term “Âdat al-Qur’ân” (Customs of the Qur’ân) and its function in the tradition of Qur’anic commentary will be discussed. Âdat el-Qur’ân is a matter related to the poetry and style of the Qur’an. In the classical period, many commentators such as Fahruddin ar-Razi (d. 606/1210) conceptualized this aspect of the language of the Qur’ân as “Âdat al-Qur’ân”. Recently, Ibn Ashur (d. 1973) dedicated an entire chapter to this issue in the introduction of his Qur’anic commentary titled at-Tahrir wa at-Tanwir. The intermitted narration of many different subjects, especially tawhid (unity of the God), nubuwwat (prophethood) and mead (afterlife), which are considered under the title of Âdat al-Qur’ân, are examined within the context of “tenâsub al-ây ve’s-suvar” (proportion in the verses and the chapters of the Qur’ân) in the Ulûm al-Qur’ân (Qur’anic sciences) literature. The phrase Âdât al-Qur’ân refers to the forms of expression, style and narration which are built-in and stereotyped in the language and syntax of the Qur’ân and hence standardized with the characters of a custom. However, the use of the term “custom” in the general characterization of the Qur’ân’s established expression and narrative style is a reflection of science of kalam terminology. Having a grasp of the issues within the scope of Âdat al-Qur’ân involves an important scientific advantage for a better understanding of the language and concepts of the Qur’an as well as its expression, style and narrration
In this article, the content of the term “Âdat al-Qur’ân” (Customs of the Qur’ân) and its function in the tradition of Qur’anic commentary will be discussed. Âdat el-Qur’ân is a matter related to the poetry and style of the Qur’an. In the classical period, many commentators such as Fahruddin ar-Razi (d. 606/1210) conceptualized this aspect of the language of the Qur’ân as “Âdat al-Qur’ân”. Recently, Ibn Ashur (d. 1973) dedicated an entire chapter to this issue in the introduction of his Qur’anic commentary titled at-Tahrir wa at-Tanwir. The intermitted narration of many different subjects, especially tawhid (unity of the God), nubuwwat (prophethood) and mead (afterlife), which are considered under the title of Âdat al-Qur’ân, are examined within the context of “tenâsub al-ây ve’s-suvar” (proportion in the verses and the chapters of the Qur’ân) in the Ulûm al-Qur’ân (Qur’anic sciences) literature. The phrase Âdât al-Qur’ân refers to the forms of expression, style and narration which are built-in and stereotyped in the language and syntax of the Qur’ân and hence standardized with the characters of a custom. However, the use of the term “custom” in the general characterization of the Qur’ân’s established expression and narrative style is a reflection of science of kalam terminology. Having a grasp of the issues within the scope of Âdat al-Qur’ân involves an important scientific advantage for a better understanding of the language and concepts of the Qur’an as well as its expression, style and narrration