Publication: Meme kanseri tedavisi görmüş kadınların psikolojik iyi oluş ve psikolojik sağlamlıklarına kapsamlı bir bakış: olumsuz beden tutumu, umutsuzluk ve ailedeki koruyucu etkenlerin rolü
Abstract
Bu araştırmanın amacı meme kanseri geçirmiş kadınların psikolojik iyi oluş, psikolojik sağlamlık, umutsuzluk düzeyleri, ailelerindeki koruyucu etkenler ve beden tutumları arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemektir. Bu kapsamda araştırmada 30 ile 69 yaş aralığında, aktif kanser tedavi süreci sona ermiş ve doktorları tarafından bedenlerinde kansere ilişkin bulgu kalmadığı kararı alınmış 144 kadın yer almıştır. Araştırma verilerini toplamak amacıyla Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Beden Tutum Testi (BTT), Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ), Connor-Davidson Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği (CD- RISC), Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği (PİOÖ) ve Ailedeki Koruyucu Etkenler Ölçeği (AKE) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS yapılmış ve araştırma hipotezlerini test etmek için Bağımsız Gruplar t-Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi ve Pearson Korelasyon Analizi uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, kadınlarda olumsuz beden tutumu ile umutsuzluk arasında pozitif yönde ve anlamlı ilişki olduğu (r=.525; p<.001) ve olumsuz beden tutumu ile psikolojik iyi oluş (r= -.289; p<. 001), psikolojik sağlamlık (r= -.227; p< .001) ve ailedeki koruyucu etkenler (r= -.383; p<. 001) arasında negatif yönlü ve anlamlı ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, kadınların umutsuzluk puanlarının psikolojik iyi oluş (r=-.372; p<.001), psikolojik sağlamlık (r=-.505; p<.001) ve ailedeki koruyucu etkenler (r=-.535; p<.001) değişkenleriyle negatif ve anlamlı bir ilişkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ailedeki koruyucu etkenlerin analize dahil edilmesiyle birlikte, olumsuz beden tutumu ve umusuzluk arasındaki ilişkide anlamlı düzeyde düşüş olduğu belirlenmiştir (r1=.52; p<.001; r2=.37; p<.001). Bu sonuç, ailedeki koruyucu etkenlerin olumsuz beden tutumu ile umutsuzluk arasındaki ilişkide aracı rolünü göstermektedir. Ayrıca, değişkenler için gruplar arası farklılıkları tespit etmek amacıyla uygulanan Bağımsız Gruplar t-Testi ve Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi sonucunda katılımcıların eğitim durumu, çocuk sahibi olma/ olmama, çalışma durumu, gelir durumu, yaş ve rekonstrüktif cerrahi uygulanma durumlarına göre değişkenler arasında anlamlı farklılaşmalar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Psikolojik sağlamlık için eğitim durumu, çalışma durumu, yaş ve gelir düzeyine göre; umutsuzluk için rekonstrüktif cerrahi uygulanma durumuna göre; ailedeki koruyucu etkenler için yaş, gelir durumu ve rekonstrüktif cerrahi uygulanma durumuna göre; beden tutumu için ise çocuk sahibi olma/ olmama, yaş ve gelir durumuna göre anlamlı farklılaşmalar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bulgular ilgili literatür ışığında tartışılmış ve gelecek çalışmalar için önerilere yer verilmiştir.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between psychological well-being, psychological resilience, hopelessness levels, family protective factors and body attitudes of women who have had breast cancer. For this purpose, 144 women aged between 30 and 69 years, whose active cancer treatment has ended and who have been decided by their doctors that there is no evidence of cancer in their bodies, were included in the study. Personal Information Form, Body Attitude Test (BAT), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB) and Inventory of Family Protective Factors (IFPF) were used to collect research data. Data were analyzed with the SPSS package program. Independent Groups t-Test, One-Way Analysis of Variance and Pearson Correlation Analysis were applied to test the research hypotheses. As a result of the analysis, there was a positive and significant relationship between negative body attitude and hopelessness in women (r=.525; p<.001), and negative and significant relationship were found between negative body attitude and psychological well-being (r= -. 289; p<.001), psychological resilience (r= -.227; p< .001) and protective factors in the family (r= -.383; p<.001). In addition, women's hopelessness scores and psychological well-being (r=-.372; p<.001), psychological resilience (r=-.505; p<.001) and protective factors in the family (r=-.535; p<.001). 001) scores were found to be negatively and significantly related. With the inclusion of protective factors in the family in the relationship between negative body attitude and hopelessness, it is observed that there is a significant decrease in the relationship between negative body attitude and hopelessness (r1=.52; p<.001; r2=.37; p<.001). This result shows that protective factors in the family had a mediating role in the relationship between negative body attitude and hopelessness. In addition, Independent Groups t-Test and One-Way Analysis of Variance were applied to determine the differences between groups for the variables. As a result, it was found that there were significant differences between the variables according to the education level, parental status, employment status, income level, age and reconstructive surgery status of the participants. Psychological resilience is significantly different according to education level, employment status, age and income; hopelessness is significantly different according to reconstructive surgery status; protective factors in the family is significantly different according to age, income and reconstructive surgery status; and body attitude is significantly different according to parental status, age and income level. The findings obtained as a result of the study will be discussed in considering the relevant literature and suggestions were presented.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between psychological well-being, psychological resilience, hopelessness levels, family protective factors and body attitudes of women who have had breast cancer. For this purpose, 144 women aged between 30 and 69 years, whose active cancer treatment has ended and who have been decided by their doctors that there is no evidence of cancer in their bodies, were included in the study. Personal Information Form, Body Attitude Test (BAT), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB) and Inventory of Family Protective Factors (IFPF) were used to collect research data. Data were analyzed with the SPSS package program. Independent Groups t-Test, One-Way Analysis of Variance and Pearson Correlation Analysis were applied to test the research hypotheses. As a result of the analysis, there was a positive and significant relationship between negative body attitude and hopelessness in women (r=.525; p<.001), and negative and significant relationship were found between negative body attitude and psychological well-being (r= -. 289; p<.001), psychological resilience (r= -.227; p< .001) and protective factors in the family (r= -.383; p<.001). In addition, women's hopelessness scores and psychological well-being (r=-.372; p<.001), psychological resilience (r=-.505; p<.001) and protective factors in the family (r=-.535; p<.001). 001) scores were found to be negatively and significantly related. With the inclusion of protective factors in the family in the relationship between negative body attitude and hopelessness, it is observed that there is a significant decrease in the relationship between negative body attitude and hopelessness (r1=.52; p<.001; r2=.37; p<.001). This result shows that protective factors in the family had a mediating role in the relationship between negative body attitude and hopelessness. In addition, Independent Groups t-Test and One-Way Analysis of Variance were applied to determine the differences between groups for the variables. As a result, it was found that there were significant differences between the variables according to the education level, parental status, employment status, income level, age and reconstructive surgery status of the participants. Psychological resilience is significantly different according to education level, employment status, age and income; hopelessness is significantly different according to reconstructive surgery status; protective factors in the family is significantly different according to age, income and reconstructive surgery status; and body attitude is significantly different according to parental status, age and income level. The findings obtained as a result of the study will be discussed in considering the relevant literature and suggestions were presented.