Publication: Afet dönemlerinde siyasal iletişim : 2023 kahramanmaraş depremleri üzerine bir inceleme
Abstract
6 Şubat 2023'te Kahramanmaraş'ta meydana gelen iki büyük deprem, Türkiye'nin Doğu, Güneydoğu ve Akdeniz bölgelerinde büyük hasara yol açarak can ve mal kaybına neden olmuştur. Böylesine büyük bir afette toplumsal fayda odaklı bir sonuca ulaşmak için hem siyasi aktörlerin hem de medyanın konuya yaklaşımı sorgulamaya oldukça açık ve iletişim bilimleri açısından analizi gerektiren bir durumdur. Siyasal aktörler ve sosyal medya bu kriz sürecinde önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Ancak bu konuda literatür taraması yapılarak mevcut alanyazın incelendiğinde yapılan akademik çalışmaların sınırlı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu tezde, kriz iletişimi yönetimi halkla ilişkiler açısından ele alınarak, iktidar ve muhalefetin siyasal iletişim faaliyetleri, sosyal medya çıktıları üzerinden nicel ve nitel içerik analizi yöntemi ile karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları kriz dönemlerinde dahi siyasi amaçlara ulaşmak için kitlelere yönelik ikna faaliyetlerinin yürütüldüğünü göstermiştir. Kahramanmaraş depremleri için iktidar bloğu tarafından “asrın felaketi ve/ veya yüzyılın afeti” ifadesi ile baskın söylem, muhalefet bloğu tarafından “asrın ihmali ve/ veya asrın ihaneti” ifadesi ile karşıt söylem üretilmeye çalışıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Sosyal medyada seçim döneminde afet döneminden daha fazla içerik üretildiği ve hem afet hem de seçim döneminde iktidar bloğunun sosyal medyayı muhalefet bloğundan daha aktif kullandığı tespit edilmiştir. Nihayetinde, siyasal aktörlerin seçmen mobilizasyonu için afete ve seçime yönelik siyasal söylem ve eylemleri ile ilgili sosyal medyayı efektif bir şekilde kullanarak hedef kitleleriyle etkileşime geçmesinin önemi ortaya koyulmuştur.
The two major earthquakes that occurred in Kahramanmaraş on February 6, 2023, resulted in significant damage and loss of life and property in the Eastern, Southeastern, and Mediterranean regions of Türkiye. In order to achieve a social benefit-oriented result in such a major disaster, the approach of both political actors and the media to the issue is quite open to question and requires analysis in terms of communication sciences. Political actors and social media have played a significant role in this crisis process. However, when the existing literature was examined by conducting a literature review on this subject, it was seen that the academic studies conducted were limited. In this thesis, crisis communication management was discussed from the perspective of public relations, and the political communication activities of both the government and the opposition were comparatively analyzed using quantitative and qualitative content analysis method through social media outputs. Research findings have shown that even in times of crisis, persuasion activities are carried out against the masses to achieve political goals. It has been concluded that for the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, the ruling bloc tried to produce the dominant discourse with the expression the disaster of the century, and the opposition bloc tried to produce the opposite discourse with the expression neglect of the century and/ or betrayal of the century. It has been determined that more content is produced on social media during the election period than during the disaster period, and that the ruling bloc uses social media more actively than the opposition bloc during both the disaster and election periods. Ultimately, the importance of political actors interacting with their target audiences by effectively using social media regarding political discourse and actions related to disaster and election for voter mobilization has been proved.
The two major earthquakes that occurred in Kahramanmaraş on February 6, 2023, resulted in significant damage and loss of life and property in the Eastern, Southeastern, and Mediterranean regions of Türkiye. In order to achieve a social benefit-oriented result in such a major disaster, the approach of both political actors and the media to the issue is quite open to question and requires analysis in terms of communication sciences. Political actors and social media have played a significant role in this crisis process. However, when the existing literature was examined by conducting a literature review on this subject, it was seen that the academic studies conducted were limited. In this thesis, crisis communication management was discussed from the perspective of public relations, and the political communication activities of both the government and the opposition were comparatively analyzed using quantitative and qualitative content analysis method through social media outputs. Research findings have shown that even in times of crisis, persuasion activities are carried out against the masses to achieve political goals. It has been concluded that for the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, the ruling bloc tried to produce the dominant discourse with the expression the disaster of the century, and the opposition bloc tried to produce the opposite discourse with the expression neglect of the century and/ or betrayal of the century. It has been determined that more content is produced on social media during the election period than during the disaster period, and that the ruling bloc uses social media more actively than the opposition bloc during both the disaster and election periods. Ultimately, the importance of political actors interacting with their target audiences by effectively using social media regarding political discourse and actions related to disaster and election for voter mobilization has been proved.
Description
Keywords
6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes, 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Depremleri, Communication, Communication in politics, Crisis Communication, Crisis Management, Depremler, Earthquakes, Halkla ilişkiler, Halkla İlişkiler, İletişim, İletişim, siyasette, Kriz İletişimi, Kriz Yönetimi, Political aspects, Political Communication, Public relations, Siyasal açıdan, Siyasal İletişim, Social Media, Sosyal Medya Public Relations, Türkiye