Publication: Yeni toplumsal hareketler bağlamında siyasal tüketicilik
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Abstract
Toplumsal değişim ve dönüşüm açısından oldukça önemli bir konuyu oluşturan toplumsal hareketlerin de değişip
dönüşerek eski hareketlerden farklı boyutlar kazandığı kabul edilmekte ve ortaya çıkan bu yeni hareketleri
tanımlamak için yeni toplumsal hareketler kavramsallaştırması kullanılmaktadır. Buna göre eskinin sınıf kavramı
üzerine oturtulmuş, siyasal ve ekonomik gücü topyekûn bir biçimde elde etmeye odaklanan, homojen
katılımcılardan meydana gelen ve genellikle meta hikayeler üzerine kurulu eski hareketlerden farklı olarak yeni
toplumsal hareketler; ekonomik temelli kutuplaşmadan ziyade etik değerler, kimlikler ve kültürel dönüşüm üzerine
odaklanmakta; resmi ve bürokratik bir yapıdan ziyade merkezi olmayan, katılımcı demokratik ağlara dayanmakta,
sivil toplumun dönüşümü üzerinde dururken katılımcıları çok farklı kesimlerin oluşturduğu heterojen gruplardan
meydana gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda bir diğer ön kabul kolektif ve bireysel olan arasındaki ayrımın silikleşip
siyasal katılım açısından kamusal ve özel alandaki kırmızı çizgilerin ortadan kalktığıdır. İşte bu noktada, pazar
içerisinde hareket ederken ve alışveriş kararlarında etik ve siyasal kaygılarla seçim yapan tüketici davranışını ifade
eden siyasal tüketicilik, bireyselleşen bir kolektif eylem olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Tüketicilerin kişisel
alışveriş tercihleri ile pazarı bir siyasal arena olarak ele alması, eski paradigma içerisinde birbirinden oldukça faklı
kavramlar olarak ele alınan vatandaş ve tüketici kavramları arasındaki ayrımı da silikleştirerek siyasal, toplumsal
ve ekonomik rollerde bir “hibritleşmeyi” ve yeni bir vatandaş-tüketici rolünü karşımıza çıkarmaktadır. Böyle bir
teorik çerçeveden hareketle bu çalışma, kavramsal olarak siyasal tüketicilik olgusunu yeni toplumsal hareketler
paradigması içerisine oturtmayı ve pratik anlamda da siyasal tüketiciliğe etki ettiği düşünülen faktörlerin
öçümlenmesini amaçlamıştır. Bu kapsamda 432 üzerinde nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan survey tekniği ile
yüz yüze araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Küreselleşme karşıtlığı, çevre bilinci ve tüketici sinizminin siyasal
tüketiciliği etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
It is accepted that social movements, which constitute a very important issue in terms of social change and transformation, have changed and transformed and gained different dimensions from the old movements, and the conceptualization of new social movements is used to describe these emerging new movements. Unlike the old movements based on the old concept of class, focusing on gaining political and economic power in a total way, consisting of homogeneous participants and generally based on meta-stories, new social movements; focuses on ethical values, identities and cultural transformation rather than economic-based polarization; It is based on decentralized, participatory democratic networks rather than a formal and bureaucratic structure. In this context, another presupposition is that the distinction between the collective and the individual is blurred and the red lines in the public and private spheres in terms of political participation disappear. At this point, political consumerism, which expresses the consumer behavior that makes choices with ethical and political concerns while acting in the market and shopping decisions, emerges as an individualized collective action. The fact that consumers consider the market as a political arena in their personal shopping preferences also obscures the distinction between the concepts of citizen and consumer, which are considered quite different from each other in the old paradigm, and presents a "hybridization" in political, social and economic roles and a new citizen-consumer role. Starting from such a theoretical framework, this study aims to conceptually place the phenomenon of political consumerism within the new social movements paradigm and to measure the factors that are thought to affect political consumerism by revealing some descriptive features that define political consumers in a practical sense. In this context, a face-to-face survey was conducted with 432 people. It has been concluded that anti-globalization, environmental awareness and consumer cynicism affect political consumer behavior
It is accepted that social movements, which constitute a very important issue in terms of social change and transformation, have changed and transformed and gained different dimensions from the old movements, and the conceptualization of new social movements is used to describe these emerging new movements. Unlike the old movements based on the old concept of class, focusing on gaining political and economic power in a total way, consisting of homogeneous participants and generally based on meta-stories, new social movements; focuses on ethical values, identities and cultural transformation rather than economic-based polarization; It is based on decentralized, participatory democratic networks rather than a formal and bureaucratic structure. In this context, another presupposition is that the distinction between the collective and the individual is blurred and the red lines in the public and private spheres in terms of political participation disappear. At this point, political consumerism, which expresses the consumer behavior that makes choices with ethical and political concerns while acting in the market and shopping decisions, emerges as an individualized collective action. The fact that consumers consider the market as a political arena in their personal shopping preferences also obscures the distinction between the concepts of citizen and consumer, which are considered quite different from each other in the old paradigm, and presents a "hybridization" in political, social and economic roles and a new citizen-consumer role. Starting from such a theoretical framework, this study aims to conceptually place the phenomenon of political consumerism within the new social movements paradigm and to measure the factors that are thought to affect political consumerism by revealing some descriptive features that define political consumers in a practical sense. In this context, a face-to-face survey was conducted with 432 people. It has been concluded that anti-globalization, environmental awareness and consumer cynicism affect political consumer behavior
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Citation
KİÇİR İ., ANIK C., "Yeni Toplumsal Hareketler Bağlamında Siyasal Tüketicilik", SDÜ İFADE, cilt.4, sa.1, ss.95-116, 2022
