Publication: Buhârî'ni̇n sahîh'i̇nde hadi̇sleri̇ eleme yöntemi̇ : Ref'u'l-yedeyn örneği̇
Abstract
Buhârî’nin (ö. 256/ 870) sahih hadisleri belirlerken hangi yöntemi izlediği kendisi tarafından açıklanmamıştır. Bu yöntemi ya da şartları belirlemeye yönelik çalışmalar ise çoğunlukla genel kabul görmüş sıhhat şartlarını tekrar etmekten öteye gidememiştir. Buhârî’nin yöntemi ortaya konmaya çalışılırken onu diğer muhaddislerle karşılaştırmaktansa kendi yazdığı eserler arasında bir inceleme yapmak daha net sonuçlar elde edilmesine olanak sağlayacaktır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak bu çalışmada Buhârî’nin iki eseri konu edilecektir. Bunların ilki sahih hadisleri toplama amacıyla tasnif ettiği el-Câmi‘u’s-sahîh’tir. Diğeri ise namazda elleri kaldırmanın gerekliliğini ispatlama gayesiyle yazdığı Ref‘u’l-yedeyn fi’s-salât adlı eseridir. Rükûdan önce ve sonra elleri kaldırmaya ilişkin, Ref‘u’l-yedeyn fi’s-salât’ta yer alan kırk bir adet merfû rivayetin altı tanesine el-Câmi‘u’s-sahîh’te de yer verilmiştir. Bu rivayetlerin iki tanesi Ref‘u’l-yedeyn fi’s-salât adlı eserle aynı konuyu işleyen “رفع اليدين إذا كبر وإذا ركع وإذا رفع” bâbında bulunmaktadır. Bu iki rivayetin hangi özellikler sebebiyle seçildiği, diğer bâblardaki dört rivayete neden bu bâbda yer verilmediği ve kalan otuz beş rivayetin neden Buhârî tarafından elendiği ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.
Bukhārī (d. 256/ 870) did not mention the method he put forward when determining authentic hadiths. Most studies aimed at determining that method or these conditions have failed to go beyond repeating generally accepted criteria of authentification. Cross-examining Bukhārī’s works instead of comparing him with other hadith scholars would serve the purpose of revealing his method better. To this end, two works of Bukhārī will be discussed in this study. The first of these two is his work called , al-Jāmi‘ al-Ṣaḥīḥ, which he classified with the intention of collecting authentic hadiths. The other one is Raf‘ al-yadain fī al-Ṣalāh, which he authored to prove that the raising of hands during prayer is mandatory. Six of the forty one marfu narrations in Raf‘ al-yadain fī al-ṣalāh about raising the hands before and after bowing down (ruku‘) are also included in al-Jāmi‘ al-ṣaḥīḥ. Two of these narrations are found in the chapter “رفع اليدين إذا كبر وإذا ركع وإذا رفع”, which deals with the same subject as the work titled Raf‘ al-yadain fī al-ṣalāh. This study will try to uncover why these two narrations were chosen, why the for narrations in other chapters were not included in this chapter, and why the remaining thirty-five narrations were disregarded by Bukhārī.
Bukhārī (d. 256/ 870) did not mention the method he put forward when determining authentic hadiths. Most studies aimed at determining that method or these conditions have failed to go beyond repeating generally accepted criteria of authentification. Cross-examining Bukhārī’s works instead of comparing him with other hadith scholars would serve the purpose of revealing his method better. To this end, two works of Bukhārī will be discussed in this study. The first of these two is his work called , al-Jāmi‘ al-Ṣaḥīḥ, which he classified with the intention of collecting authentic hadiths. The other one is Raf‘ al-yadain fī al-Ṣalāh, which he authored to prove that the raising of hands during prayer is mandatory. Six of the forty one marfu narrations in Raf‘ al-yadain fī al-ṣalāh about raising the hands before and after bowing down (ruku‘) are also included in al-Jāmi‘ al-ṣaḥīḥ. Two of these narrations are found in the chapter “رفع اليدين إذا كبر وإذا ركع وإذا رفع”, which deals with the same subject as the work titled Raf‘ al-yadain fī al-ṣalāh. This study will try to uncover why these two narrations were chosen, why the for narrations in other chapters were not included in this chapter, and why the remaining thirty-five narrations were disregarded by Bukhārī.