Publication: İnsan Hakları Avrupa Sözleşmesi ve anayasa çerçevesinde etkili başvuru hakkı
Abstract
Temel hak ve özgürlüklerin düzenlenmesi kadar onların nasıl kullanılacağı ve korunacağına ilişkin hükümler de önemlidir. Bu açıdan bazı haklar, anayasa ve diğer insan hakları belgelerinde yer alan hak ve özgürlüklerin güvencesi niteliğindedir. Etkili başvuru hakkı, diğer bazı usuli haklarla birlikte hak ihlalleri karşısında ulaşılabilir, etkili ve yeterli bildirim, önleme ve giderim imkânları tesis edilmesini öngörmektedir. Etkili başvuru hakkının genel niteliği, özel nitelikteki bazı usuli hakların kapsadığı alanlar dışında kalan senaryoları kuşatarak, hak ve özgürlükleri koruma ağını oluşturur. Çalışma kapsamında etkili başvuru hakkının gerekliliği ve amacı tartışılmış, hak diğer usuli güvencelerle karşılaştırılarak konumu belirlenmiş, özellikle İnsan Hakları Avrupa Mahkemesi kararları çerçevesinde hakka ilişkin ilkeler ortaya konmuş ve Anayasa Mahkemesine bireysel başvuru kararlarının bu ilkelerle uyumu test edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen tespitlerin, başvuru yollarının değerlendirilmesinde ve yeni başvuru yollarının oluşturulmasında rehber olması amaçlanmıştır.
The provisions on how to use and protect the fundamental rights and freedoms are as important as their regulations. In this respect, some rights are a guarantee of the rights and freedoms included in the constitutions and other human rights documents. The right to an effective remedy, together with other procedural rights, constitutes an accessible, effective and sufficient mechanism to warn about the violation, prevent the damages and provide effective and sufficient reparations. The general nature of the right to an effective remedy establishes the protection network of rights and freedoms by encompassing the scenarios not covered by specific rights in the lex specialis status. In this study, the right to an effective remedy was defined by comparison with other procedural guarantees, and its necessity and purpose were discussed. Furthermore, the principles of this right were put forward specifically within the framework of the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. Lastly, the compliance with the principles of this right of the judgments of the Constitutional Court on individual application was examined. The findings obtained in the study are expected to guide the evaluation of remedies and the creation of new ones.
The provisions on how to use and protect the fundamental rights and freedoms are as important as their regulations. In this respect, some rights are a guarantee of the rights and freedoms included in the constitutions and other human rights documents. The right to an effective remedy, together with other procedural rights, constitutes an accessible, effective and sufficient mechanism to warn about the violation, prevent the damages and provide effective and sufficient reparations. The general nature of the right to an effective remedy establishes the protection network of rights and freedoms by encompassing the scenarios not covered by specific rights in the lex specialis status. In this study, the right to an effective remedy was defined by comparison with other procedural guarantees, and its necessity and purpose were discussed. Furthermore, the principles of this right were put forward specifically within the framework of the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. Lastly, the compliance with the principles of this right of the judgments of the Constitutional Court on individual application was examined. The findings obtained in the study are expected to guide the evaluation of remedies and the creation of new ones.
Description
Keywords
Anayasa Mahkemesi, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi, Constitutional Court, Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (1950), Etkili başvuru hakkı, European Court of Human Rights, Human rights, İnsan hakları, İnsan Hakları Avrupa Mahkemesi, İnsan Hakları ve Temel Özgürlüklerin Korunmasına İlişkin Sözleşme (1950), Kamu hukuku, protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, Public law, Right to an effective remedy, temel hak ve özgürlüklerin korunması
