Publication: Tipografide ses temsili ve harflere yeni temsiller tasarlama fikri
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Abstract
Yazı, insan belleğinin geniş kitlelerce yapılanmasını sağlamada
vazgeçilmez bir iletişim aracı konumundadır. Geçmişten bugüne olan
yolculuğuna bakıldığında, insanlarda mesaj iletme biçiminin imgelerle
başlayarak, bu imgelerin belirli aşamalar sonrası tamamen soyutlaştığı
ve nihayetinde günümüz alfabelerine dönüştüğü görülmektedir.
Toplumlarca kullanılan alfabeler, aynı veya benzer harfler içermelerine
karşın, ses bağlamında farklılık göstermekte ve ses temsilinde
toplumlararası bir standart sağlamak noktasında yetersiz
kalmaktadırlar. Bu nedenle özellikle modernizm döneminde yazıda
standart ses temsilleri arayışı başladığı ve stenografik alfabelerin ortaya
çıktığı görülmektedir. Aynı dönem stenografinin Batı ve Kuzey ülkeleriyle
sınırlı kalmış olması nedeniyle fonografinin değer kazandığı ve bunun
sonucu ortaya çıkan Uluslararası Fonetik Alfabesi’nin, dünya üzerindeki
tüm sesleri temsil edebilme hedefiyle, en kapsamlı girişim olduğu
anlaşılmaktadır.
Makalede, insanda bilgi kazanımı için neden soyutlamaya ihtiyaç
duyulduğu ve bu bağlamda yazının ilk çıkışından günümüze, geçirdiği
evreler incelenecektir. İncelemelerin ardından yazıda tüm seslerin
standart temsiller haline getirilmesi adına yapılan yenilikler ortaya
konulacak ve yenilikçi harf tasarlamada tipografinin işlevi üzerinde
durulacaktır.
Writing is an indispensable communication tool in ensuring that the human memory is structured by large masses. When we look at the journey from the past to the present, it is seen that the way people convey messages started with images and these images became completely abstract after certain stages and eventually turned into today's alphabets. Although the alphabets used by societies contain the same or similar letters, they differ in the context of sound. Alphabets fall short of intercommunal standard sound representations. For this reason, it is seen that especially during the modernism period, the search for standard sound representations in writing began and stenographic alphabets emerged. It is understood that in the same period, phonography gained value because shorthand was limited to Western and Northern countries, and the International Phonetic Alphabet, which emerged as a result, was the most comprehensive initiative with the aim of representing all sounds in the world. In this article, why abstraction is needed for human knowledge acquisition and the phases that writing has gone through from its first appearance to the present day will be examined. Following the analysis, the article will present the innovations made to turn all sounds into standard representations and focus on the function of typography in designing innovative letters.
Writing is an indispensable communication tool in ensuring that the human memory is structured by large masses. When we look at the journey from the past to the present, it is seen that the way people convey messages started with images and these images became completely abstract after certain stages and eventually turned into today's alphabets. Although the alphabets used by societies contain the same or similar letters, they differ in the context of sound. Alphabets fall short of intercommunal standard sound representations. For this reason, it is seen that especially during the modernism period, the search for standard sound representations in writing began and stenographic alphabets emerged. It is understood that in the same period, phonography gained value because shorthand was limited to Western and Northern countries, and the International Phonetic Alphabet, which emerged as a result, was the most comprehensive initiative with the aim of representing all sounds in the world. In this article, why abstraction is needed for human knowledge acquisition and the phases that writing has gone through from its first appearance to the present day will be examined. Following the analysis, the article will present the innovations made to turn all sounds into standard representations and focus on the function of typography in designing innovative letters.
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Keywords
Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler, Sanat, Sanat ve Tasarım, Social Sciences and Humanities, Art, Art and Design, Sanat ve Beşeri Bilimler (AHCI), Sosyal Bilimler (SOC), Sanat ve Beşeri Bilimler, SANAT, Arts & Humanities (AHCI), Social Sciences (SOC), ARTS & HUMANITIES, ART, Görsel Sanatlar ve Gösteri Sanatları, Müzecilik, Sosyal Bilimler ve Beşeri Bilimler, Visual Arts and Performing Arts, Museology, Social Sciences & Humanities
Citation
Müstecaplıoğlu M. A., "Tipografide Ses Temsili ve Harflere Yeni Temsiller Tasarlama Fikri", Marmara Üniversitesi Güzel sanatlar fakültesi Sanat Tasarım dergisi, cilt.1, sa.2, ss.84-113, 2023
