Publication: SOSYAL POLİTİKA GELİŞTİRMEDE VE SOSYAL HİZMET UYGULAMALARINDA YERELLEŞME: SAKARYA BÜYÜKŞEHİR BELEDİYESİ SOSYAL GELİŞİM MERKEZİ ÖRNEĞİ
Abstract
Modern dünya düzeni, ekonomik, teknolojik gelişmeler ve yenilikler bireylerin ihtiyaçhiyerarşisini değiştirmiş, refah toplumunun ruhunu oluşturan sosyal devlet ve sosyalbelediyecilik anlayışının yaygınlaşmasına ön ayak oluşturmuş, bunun sonucunda yeni yerelsosyal politika üretimine ve uygulamalarına ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Yerel yönetimlerin bölgeselfarklılıkları, gelişmişlik düzeyini, yerel halkın sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel yapısını dahaiyi tanıması, sorunlara hâkim olması ve halka daha yakın olması sosyal politika üretimi veuygulamalarında söz sahibi olmasını da gerekli kılmıştır. Bu makalenin amacı; sosyal politikauygulamalarının ve sosyal hizmetlerin yerelleştirilerek merkezi yönetim yerine yerindenyönetim tarafından üretilip uygulanmasının önem ve gerekliliğini Sakarya BüyükşehirBelediyesi Sosyal Gelişim Merkezinin hizmetleri ve uygulamaları özelinde açıklamaktır.Araştırma ‘durum çalışması (örnek olay)’ yöntemine dayalı ‘iç içe geçmiş tek durumdeseni’ niteliği taşımaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında görüşme tekniği kullanılarak merkezyöneticileri ve çalışanları ile mülakatlar yapılmış, merkezin hizmetlerine ve faaliyetlerineyönelik dokümanlar incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın teorik altyapısında ise sosyal politika, sosyalhizmet, sosyal belediyecilik, merkezi yönetim ve yerinden yönetim kavramları incelenereksosyal hizmet ile ilişkileri ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda yereldeki sosyal sorunlarınçözümü için uygulanabilir yerel sosyal politikalar üretilmesi ve yerel yönetimler tarafındansosyal hizmet perspektifinde uygulanmasının merkezi yönetim uygulamalarına göre dahaetkin ve verimli olacağı kanaati ortaya çıkmıştır.
Modern world order, economic and technological developments, as well as innovations, have changed the hierarchy of needs of individuals. Social state and social municipality mentality, constituting the spirit of welfare society, has become widespread in the central government and local administration. Thus, the importance of producing and implementing new social policies has increased. The fact that local governments have a better understanding of regional differences, the level of development, socioeconomic and cultural structure of local people, as well as recognizing the problems and being closely acquainted with people has made it necessary for local governments to have the right to comment on the production and implementation of social policies. The paper aims to the necessity and importance of localizing social policy applications and social works, developing and implementing them by the local government instead of the central government. The services and practices of Social Development Center of Sakarya Metropolitan Municipality are discussed as the case study. The research is a “single-case embedded design” based on the “case study” method. The interview method was chosen in the data collection phase. Interviews were conducted with the managers and workers in the Social Development Center. In addition, the documents related to the services and activities of the Center were analysed. In the theoretical background of the study, the concepts of social policy, social work, social municipality, central government and decentralization are analysed and their relationship with social work are discussed. It is concluded that the production of practicable local social policies for the solution of local social problems and their implementation by local governments within the perspective of social work would be more effective and productive compared to the implementation by the central government.
Modern world order, economic and technological developments, as well as innovations, have changed the hierarchy of needs of individuals. Social state and social municipality mentality, constituting the spirit of welfare society, has become widespread in the central government and local administration. Thus, the importance of producing and implementing new social policies has increased. The fact that local governments have a better understanding of regional differences, the level of development, socioeconomic and cultural structure of local people, as well as recognizing the problems and being closely acquainted with people has made it necessary for local governments to have the right to comment on the production and implementation of social policies. The paper aims to the necessity and importance of localizing social policy applications and social works, developing and implementing them by the local government instead of the central government. The services and practices of Social Development Center of Sakarya Metropolitan Municipality are discussed as the case study. The research is a “single-case embedded design” based on the “case study” method. The interview method was chosen in the data collection phase. Interviews were conducted with the managers and workers in the Social Development Center. In addition, the documents related to the services and activities of the Center were analysed. In the theoretical background of the study, the concepts of social policy, social work, social municipality, central government and decentralization are analysed and their relationship with social work are discussed. It is concluded that the production of practicable local social policies for the solution of local social problems and their implementation by local governments within the perspective of social work would be more effective and productive compared to the implementation by the central government.