Publication: Fizik derslerinde kullanılan farklı sanal laboratuar programlarının tasarım ve kullanışlılık açısından değerlendirilmesi ve farklı öğretim yöntemleriyle kullanılmaları durumunda öğrenci başarısı üzerindeki etkilerinin incelemesi
Abstract
TEZ ÖZETİ Araştırmada, ortaöğretim Fizik derslerinde kullanılmak üzere geliştirilen sanal laboratuar programlarının tasarım ve kullanışlılık özellikleri, yapılan literatür aramaları sonucu belirlenerek bir İnceleme Ölçeği oluşturulmuştur. Bu bağlamda, oluşturulan İnceleme Ölçeğinin farklı iki sanal laboratuar kullanılarak, sanal laboratuar programlarını tasarım ve kullanışlılık açısından değerlendirip-değerlendiremeyeceği ölçülmüştür. Ölçüm sonucu elde edilen veriler yorumlanarak, bu tür programlarda olması gereken tasarım ve kullanışlılık özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın ikinci aşamasında, sanal laboratuar programlarının kullanışlılık eğitiminin farklı öğretim teknolojileriyle nasıl verileceği araştırılmış ve bu çerçevede beklenen olası farklı kullanım düzeyleri nedenleriyle birlikte incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacına uygun olarak yapılan üçüncü aşamasında, sanal laboratuar programlarının Fizik dersine nasıl entegre edileceği araştırılmış ve farklı öğretim yöntemleriyle ders işlenmesi durumunda, öğrenciler üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca deney gruplarının akademik ders başarılarıyla, kontrol grubunun akademik ders başarıları değerlendirilerek elde edilen sonuçlar nedenleriyle birlikte açıklanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular değerlendirildiğinde, ortaöğretimde kullanılan sanal laboratuar programlarında olması gereken tasarım ve kullanışlılık özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bu özellikler ölçeklenebilir bir duruma getirilip, sanal laboratuar programlarını tasarım ve kullanışlılık açısından değerlendirmede kullanılabilecek bir İnceleme Ölçeğinin oluşturulabileceği görülmüştür. Sanal laboratuar kullanmak isteyen öğretmenlerin, öğrencilerine programın kullanışlılık eğitimini bir uzaktan kontrol programıyla kullanılmasının daha etkili olduğu sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Sanal laboratuar programlarının Fizik dersinde kullanılmaları durumunda, deney gruplarında yer alan öğrencilerin, Fizik dersi akademik başarılarında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur. Ayrıca deney gruplarının, fiziksel sembolleri bilme ve gerçek resimleriyle eşleştirme puanları ile yanlış yağlanmış bir Elektrik Devresindeki hataları bulma puanları bakımından, kontrol grubuna göre daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür.
In this study, the design and usability features of virtual laboratory programs which were developed in order to use in Physics lessons in Secondary Schools, determining the results of the literature studies, an Inspection Scale was constituted. Thus, it was evaluated that if this Inspection Scale could be determined in means of design and usability by exertion of two different virtual laboratory programs. The collected data after the evaluation are interpreted and the features of design and usability which are necessary for these kinds of programs were determined. At the second phase of the study, how the education of usage of the virtual laboratory programs will be given by different education technologies and in this respect, the levels of different possible usages are studied in accordance with their reasons. At the third phase which is corresponding with the aim of this study, the integration of the virtual laboratory programs with the Physics lessons, was studied and in case of making lessons with different teaching strategies, the effects on the students were studied. Also the academic lesson achievements of the experiment groups and the academic lesson achievements of control groups were determined and the results were expounded with their reasons. When the data collected at the result of the study was evaluated, the design and usability features which are necessary for the virtual laboratory programs which are used in Secondary Education were determined. These handled features were turned into a scaleable form and, it was seen that it is possible to constitute an Inspection Scale which can be used for evaluating the virtual laboratory programs in means of design and usability. It was determined that, the teachers who wants to use the virtual laboratory programs, it is more efficient to use a remote control program for giving the usability education to the students. In case of usage of the virtual laboratory programs in Physics lessons, there was no sensible difference in the Physics lesson academic achievements of the students who are in the Experiment Groups, however they are more successful at considering the physical symbols, points of pairing these with the real pictures and finding the mistakes in erroneously lubricated Electric Circuit than the ones who are in control groups.
In this study, the design and usability features of virtual laboratory programs which were developed in order to use in Physics lessons in Secondary Schools, determining the results of the literature studies, an Inspection Scale was constituted. Thus, it was evaluated that if this Inspection Scale could be determined in means of design and usability by exertion of two different virtual laboratory programs. The collected data after the evaluation are interpreted and the features of design and usability which are necessary for these kinds of programs were determined. At the second phase of the study, how the education of usage of the virtual laboratory programs will be given by different education technologies and in this respect, the levels of different possible usages are studied in accordance with their reasons. At the third phase which is corresponding with the aim of this study, the integration of the virtual laboratory programs with the Physics lessons, was studied and in case of making lessons with different teaching strategies, the effects on the students were studied. Also the academic lesson achievements of the experiment groups and the academic lesson achievements of control groups were determined and the results were expounded with their reasons. When the data collected at the result of the study was evaluated, the design and usability features which are necessary for the virtual laboratory programs which are used in Secondary Education were determined. These handled features were turned into a scaleable form and, it was seen that it is possible to constitute an Inspection Scale which can be used for evaluating the virtual laboratory programs in means of design and usability. It was determined that, the teachers who wants to use the virtual laboratory programs, it is more efficient to use a remote control program for giving the usability education to the students. In case of usage of the virtual laboratory programs in Physics lessons, there was no sensible difference in the Physics lesson academic achievements of the students who are in the Experiment Groups, however they are more successful at considering the physical symbols, points of pairing these with the real pictures and finding the mistakes in erroneously lubricated Electric Circuit than the ones who are in control groups.