Publication: İstanbul Sözleşmesi’nin (kadına yönelik şiddet ve aile-içi şiddetin önlenmesi ve bunlarla mücadeleye dair Avrupa Konseyi Sözleşmesi) ulusal hukuk açısından değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Kadına yönelik şiddet, Aile içi şiddet, İstanbul Sözleşmesi ÖZET İSTANBUL SÖZLEŞMESİ’NİN (KADINA YÖNELİK ŞİDDET VE AİLE-İÇİ ŞİDDETİN ÖNLENMESİ VE BUNLARLA MÜCADELEYE DAİR AVRUPA KONSEYİ SÖZLEŞMESİ) ULUSAL HUKUK AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ Son yıllarda Medya tarafından da sıkça gözler önüne serilen ‘kadına yönelik şiddet’ ve ‘aile-içi şiddet’ olayları kaygı verici rakamlara ulaşmıştır. Fiziksel olarak daha güçlü olan erkek, geleneklerin ve yerleşmiş toplumsal-kültürel kalıpların da etkisi ile özellikle aile içinde kadına karşı psikolojik, fiziksel, cinsel, ekonomik şiddeti uygulamada kendini haklı görmektedir. “Kadın” dinsel, kültürel, geleneksel, hatta bazı ülke kanunlarında hukuksal açıdan sorumluluğu alınması ve yönetilmesi gerekli “eş” olarak şiddete maruz kalmaktadır. Aile-içi şiddettin ikincil mağdurları da çocuklardır. Çocuklar, fiziksel şiddete doğrudan maruz kalmasalar da olayın geri dönülmez psikolojik etkilerini ileri dönemlerde yaşamaktadırlar. Bu tarz şiddet olayları, tedbir alınmazsa şiddet, kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılan bir kısır döngü halini almaktadır. Bu çalışma ile kadına yönelik olarak gerçekleşen şiddetin nedenleri ortaya koyulmuştur. “Kadına Yönelik Şiddet ve Aile-İçi Şiddetin Önlenmesi ve Bunlarla Mücadeleye Dair Avrupa Konseyi Sözleşmesi” (İstanbul Sözleşmesi)’nin getirdiği yenilikler ve normlar, Türk iç hukuk düzenlemeleri ile beraber değerlendirilmiştir . Tartışmalardan biri de toplumumuzda ve hatta Dünyada kadına yönelik şiddet olaylarına bakıldığında, temelde bu durumun erkeğin, kadını yetersiz addederek, kendini üstün görmesi zihniyetinden kaynaklandığı öngörüsüdür. 1. Avrupa Konseyi tarafından hazırlanmış ve imzaya sunulmuş olan bu Sözleşmeyi ilk onaylayan devlet Türkiye’dir. olence against women, Domestic violence, Istanbul Agreement
AN EVALUATION OF THE ISTANBUL AGREEMENT (CONVENTION ON PREVENTING AND COMBATING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE) ACCORDİNG TO THE NATIONAL LAW In recent years, violence against women and domestic violence cases, an unfortunate staple of the broadcast news media, has reached disturbing levels in terms of the degree of violence and frequency. Physically stronger, men feel justified by traditional, social and cultural norms in inflicting physical, psychological, sexual and economic violence on women inside of the family. As a wife, a woman can be subjected to violence because she needs to be governed in accordance with religious, cultural, traditional and, in some countries, laws and regulations. Children are often secondary victims of domestic violence. Even if they do not experience physical violence directly, they may develop irreversible negative psychological effects as a result and these can, if serious steps are not taken, perpetuate a vicious circle of violence transmitted from generation to generation. This study explores the possible reasons for the prevalence of violence against women and evaluates Turkish laws in the light of the innovations and norms introduced under the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence (the Istanbul Agreement) . It argues that the cause of violence against women in Turkish society and abroad can be reduced to a widespread belief that men are superior to women in every significant way. 1. Which, at the time of this paper’s publication, had not received sufficient ratifications to be enacted, but had been ratified by the Republic of Turkey, which was the first country to do so.
AN EVALUATION OF THE ISTANBUL AGREEMENT (CONVENTION ON PREVENTING AND COMBATING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE) ACCORDİNG TO THE NATIONAL LAW In recent years, violence against women and domestic violence cases, an unfortunate staple of the broadcast news media, has reached disturbing levels in terms of the degree of violence and frequency. Physically stronger, men feel justified by traditional, social and cultural norms in inflicting physical, psychological, sexual and economic violence on women inside of the family. As a wife, a woman can be subjected to violence because she needs to be governed in accordance with religious, cultural, traditional and, in some countries, laws and regulations. Children are often secondary victims of domestic violence. Even if they do not experience physical violence directly, they may develop irreversible negative psychological effects as a result and these can, if serious steps are not taken, perpetuate a vicious circle of violence transmitted from generation to generation. This study explores the possible reasons for the prevalence of violence against women and evaluates Turkish laws in the light of the innovations and norms introduced under the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence (the Istanbul Agreement) . It argues that the cause of violence against women in Turkish society and abroad can be reduced to a widespread belief that men are superior to women in every significant way. 1. Which, at the time of this paper’s publication, had not received sufficient ratifications to be enacted, but had been ratified by the Republic of Turkey, which was the first country to do so.