Publication: Farklı yüksekliklerde uygulanan plyometrik şınav sırasında yük dağılımlarının incelenmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı; el ve ayakların farklı yüksekliklere kaldırılarak yapılan plyometrik şınav (PŞ) uygulamalarında ellerden yere yansıyan yük değişimlerinin ve algılanan zorluk derecelerinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Araştırmaya Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören toplam; 30 gönüllü erkek öğrenci (yaş: 22.4 ± 1.8 yıl; boy 180.3 ± 4.7 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 78.1 ± 6.5 kg;) katılmıştır. Gönüllülere iki farklı PŞ türü uygulatılmıştır. El ve ayaklar sırasıyla 60 cm, 30 cm ve 0 cm ‘ye yükseltilerek PŞ gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her yükseklikte 3 adet PŞ uygulanmış, her bir tekrar sonrasında 3 sn, üç tekrar bitiminde 3 dk dinlenme verilmiştir. Şınav türlerinin zorluk derecesini belirlemede modifiye algılanan zorluk derece skalası kullanılmıştır. PŞ’ın konsantrik fazındaki zirve kuvvet (peak force), havada kalma süresi ve ortalama kuvvet değerleri kuvvet platformu (force plate) kullanılarak kaydedilmiştir. Verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde “Pearson Korelasyon” ve “Repeated Measures ANOVA” testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: PŞ türlerinin zirve kuvvetleri arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur (F(4,515)=14,30 p<.001). Farklı yükseklikler arasında karşılaştırılma yapıldığında sırasıyla ortalamaları yüksek değerden az değere doğru PŞ, Ayaklar 30 cm PŞ, Eller 30cm PŞ, Ayaklar 60cm PŞ ve Eller 60cm yükseltilmiş PŞ şeklindedir. En yüksek zirve kuvvet zeminde yapılan plyometrik şınavda çıkarken en düşük zirve kuvvet , E60 PŞ’da tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Şınav türleri açısından üst ekstremite zirve kuvvet gelişimi için el ve ayakların yerde olduğu (0 cm) PŞ’ın diğer yükseklikte uygulanan plyometrik şınav türlerine göre daha etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. PŞ türlerinin algılanan zorluk düzey puanlarına göre kolaydan zora sıralandığında ; eller 60 cm , eller 30 cm, eller 0 cm, ayaklar 30 cm ve ayaklar 60 cm’ye yükseltilerek PŞ uygulanması tavsiye edilebilir.
Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the loads on the hands, perceived difficulty levels, average and peak forces, and loading rates during plyometric push-ups (PPU) applied at different heights. Methods: The participants consisted of 30 athletes (mean age: 22.4 ± 1.8 years; height 180.3 ± 4.7 cm; body weight: 78.1 ± 6.5 kg; professional sports experience: 11.1 ± 2.4 years) who volunteered for the study. The participants were asked to perform three repetitions of plyometric push-ups with hands at two different heights (30 cm, 60 cm) and three repetitions of plyometric push-ups with feet at two different heights (30 cm, 60 cm) on a strength platform. The peak force, flight time and mean force values in the concentric phase of PPU were recorded using a force plate. The data were recorded with the force platform system. Pearson Correlation and Repeated Measures ANOVA test were used to evaluate the data. Results: Significant differences were found between the peak force of PPU types (F(4,515)=14.30 p<.001). When different heights were compared, the averages are as the following in decreasing order; PPU, Feet raised 30 cm PPU, Hands raised 30 cm PPU, Feet raised 60 cm PPU and Hands 60 cm raised PPU. The highest peak force was found in plyometric push-ups performed on the floor, while the lowest peak strength was determined in hands raised 60 cm PPU. Conclusion: In terms of push-up types, PPU with hands and feet on the ground (0 cm) is more effective than other types of plyometric push-ups for upper extremity peak force development. When PPU types are ranked from easy to difficult according to the perceived difficulty level; PPU by hands raised 60 cm, hands raised 30 cm, 0 cm PPU, feet raised 30 cm and feet raised 60 cm. This order is recommended in trainings.
Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the loads on the hands, perceived difficulty levels, average and peak forces, and loading rates during plyometric push-ups (PPU) applied at different heights. Methods: The participants consisted of 30 athletes (mean age: 22.4 ± 1.8 years; height 180.3 ± 4.7 cm; body weight: 78.1 ± 6.5 kg; professional sports experience: 11.1 ± 2.4 years) who volunteered for the study. The participants were asked to perform three repetitions of plyometric push-ups with hands at two different heights (30 cm, 60 cm) and three repetitions of plyometric push-ups with feet at two different heights (30 cm, 60 cm) on a strength platform. The peak force, flight time and mean force values in the concentric phase of PPU were recorded using a force plate. The data were recorded with the force platform system. Pearson Correlation and Repeated Measures ANOVA test were used to evaluate the data. Results: Significant differences were found between the peak force of PPU types (F(4,515)=14.30 p<.001). When different heights were compared, the averages are as the following in decreasing order; PPU, Feet raised 30 cm PPU, Hands raised 30 cm PPU, Feet raised 60 cm PPU and Hands 60 cm raised PPU. The highest peak force was found in plyometric push-ups performed on the floor, while the lowest peak strength was determined in hands raised 60 cm PPU. Conclusion: In terms of push-up types, PPU with hands and feet on the ground (0 cm) is more effective than other types of plyometric push-ups for upper extremity peak force development. When PPU types are ranked from easy to difficult according to the perceived difficulty level; PPU by hands raised 60 cm, hands raised 30 cm, 0 cm PPU, feet raised 30 cm and feet raised 60 cm. This order is recommended in trainings.