Publication: Fi̇nansman gi̇der kısıtlamasının kurumlar vergi̇si̇ne etki̇si̇, muhasebeleşti̇ri̇lmesi̇ ve mali̇ tablolara yansıması
Abstract
Kâr amacı güden gerek gerçek kişiler gerekse de kurumlar, hedefledikleri gelirlere ulaşmak için bazı giderlere katlanmak durumunda kalırlar. Vergilendirmedeki ana mantık gereği, kişilerin ve kurumların faaliyetleri neticesinde alınacak gelir vergilerinin (gelir vergisi, kurumlar vergisi) hesaplanmasında, katlanılan giderlerin dikkate alınması gerekir. Ancak vergi kanunlarında yer alan bazı maddeler nedeniyle verginin hesaplanması aşamasında, belirli giderlerin dikkate alınmaması ve kanunen kabul edilmemesi söz konusu olabilmektedir. Devletin gerçekleştirmek istediği bir takım ekonomik, sosyal, kültürel amaçlara yönelik olarak belli dönemlerde, bazı giderlerin ve harcamaların gider olarak indirilmesinde kısıtlamalar getirilmektedir. Günümüzde bu türdeki bir düzenleme ise 6322 Sayılı Amme Alacaklarının Tahsil Usulü Hakkında Kanun İle Bazı Kanunlarda Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Kanunun 6. maddesiyle Gelir Vergisi Kanunu'na, 37. maddesiyle Kurumlar Vergisi Kanunu'na eklenen finansman gider kısıtlaması müessesesidir. Gelir ve Kurumlar Vergisi Kanunu’na eklenen ilgili maddelere ve 3490 sayılı Cumhurbaşkanı Kararına istinaden belirlenen finansman gider kısıtlaması uyarınca, belirli kıstaslar kapsamına giren yabancı kaynaklara ilişkin faiz, komisyon, vade farkı, kâr payı, kur farkı ve benzeri adlar altında yapılan gider ve maliyet unsurları toplamının %10’luk kısmının, gider olarak indirilmesi kabul edilmeyecektir. Tez konusu kapsamında finansman gider kısıtlamasının kurumlar vergisine temas eden düzenlemeleri esas alınacak olup, finansman gider kısıtlamasının kurumlar vergisine etkisi irdelenerek, muhasebeleştirilmesi ve mali tablolara yansımaları açıklanacaktır.
Real persons or institutions with a profit motive have to bear some expenses in order to reach their targeted income. Due to the main logic of taxation, the expenses incurred should be taken into account when calculating the income taxes (income tax, corporate tax) to be collected as a result of the activities of individuals and institutions. However, due to some articles in the tax laws, certain expenses may not be taken into account in the calculation of the tax and may not be accepted legally. The state imposes restrictions on deducting some expenses and expenditures as expenses in certain periods for certain economic, social and cultural purposes that it wishes to realize. Today, such a regulation is the financing expense restriction added to the Income Tax Law with the 6th article of the Law No. 6322 on the Collection of Public Claims and Amendments to Some Laws and to the Corporate Tax Law with the 37th article. In accordance with the articles added to the Income and Corporate Tax Law, as well as the President's Decree No. 3490, in accordance with the financing expense restriction, 10% of the total of interest, commission, time difference, profit share, foreign exchange difference and similar expense and cost elements belonging to certain foreign resources will not be accepted as expense. Within the scope of the thesis, the regulations of the financing expense restriction that touch the corporate tax will be taken as a basis, the effect of the financing expense restriction on the corporate tax will be examined, its accounting and its reflections on the financial statements will be explained.
Real persons or institutions with a profit motive have to bear some expenses in order to reach their targeted income. Due to the main logic of taxation, the expenses incurred should be taken into account when calculating the income taxes (income tax, corporate tax) to be collected as a result of the activities of individuals and institutions. However, due to some articles in the tax laws, certain expenses may not be taken into account in the calculation of the tax and may not be accepted legally. The state imposes restrictions on deducting some expenses and expenditures as expenses in certain periods for certain economic, social and cultural purposes that it wishes to realize. Today, such a regulation is the financing expense restriction added to the Income Tax Law with the 6th article of the Law No. 6322 on the Collection of Public Claims and Amendments to Some Laws and to the Corporate Tax Law with the 37th article. In accordance with the articles added to the Income and Corporate Tax Law, as well as the President's Decree No. 3490, in accordance with the financing expense restriction, 10% of the total of interest, commission, time difference, profit share, foreign exchange difference and similar expense and cost elements belonging to certain foreign resources will not be accepted as expense. Within the scope of the thesis, the regulations of the financing expense restriction that touch the corporate tax will be taken as a basis, the effect of the financing expense restriction on the corporate tax will be examined, its accounting and its reflections on the financial statements will be explained.
Description
Keywords
Corporate income tax, Corporate Tax / Corporate Income Tax / Corporation Tax, Disallowable Deductions / Disallowable Expense / Non-Deductible Expense, Equity, Finance, Financing Expense Restriction / General Interest Disallowance, Finans, Finansman Gider Kısıtlaması, Foreign Source / Liabilities / Debts, Kanunen Kabul Edilmeyen Gider, Kurumlar vergisi, Öz Kaynak, Türkiye, Yabancı Kaynak
