Publication: Genel işlem koşullarında saydamlık denetimi
Abstract
Genel işlem koşulları birçok yararlı fonksiyonlar içermesi yanında kötüye kullanılma riski de taşır. Dürüstlük kuralına aykırı genel işlem koşulu kullanımının sözleşmeler hukukuna yönelik önemli bir yönü bulunmaktadır. Buna göre, genel işlem koşulları kontrol mekanizması ve bunun aşamaları, Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nun 20 ila 25. maddeleri arasında ayrıntılı bir şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Saydamlık kuralıda genel işlem koşulu hukukunun gelişimi sırasında yaşanan en önemli yenilik ve prensiplerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda Saydamlık kuralının genel işlem koşulu denetim aşamalarındaki yerinin tespiti önem taşır. Tezimizde ilk olarak saydamlık kuralının tanımı, fonksiyonları ve buna ilişkin kabul edilen bazı ayrımlar aktarılacak. Daha sonraki bölümde saydamlık kuralının TBK m. 20 vd.’da yer alan ön denetim, kapsam, yorum, içerik ve saydamlık denetimler aşamalarındaki anlamı değerlendirilecektir. Tezimizde incelenecek olan soruların bazıları şu şekilde belirtebiliriz: Diğer denetim aşamaları varken bu tarz kendine özgü bir denetime ihtiyaç var mıdır? Buna olumlu yanıt verilirse saydamlık denetiminin diğer denetim aşamaları ile ilişkisi nedir? Saydamlık denetiminin uygulama alanı nedir? Saydamlık denetiminde hangi değerlendirme ölçütleri bulunur? Özellikle esaslı edimleri veya hukuksal düzenlemeleri veya müşteri lehine olan kayıtları konu olan ve saydam olmayan genel işlem koşullarına nasıl yaklaşılmalıdır? Genel işlem koşullarında saydamlık kuralına uyulmamasının hukuksal sonucu doğrudan geçersizlik mi? Saydamlık denetimine aykırılıktan dolayı geçersizliğin türü nedir?
General terms and conditions include the risk of being abused beside its beneficial functions. Application of general terms against the principle of honesty has an important perspective regarding contract law. Accordingly, the control mechanism of the general transaction conditions and its stages are put in order and lined off elaborately between Article 20 and 25 of The Turkish Code of Obligations. The principle of transparency as generally accepted ist the most important novelty and principle in the development of the law of general term. In this context, the place and sense of the principle of transparency in the control stages of the general transaction conditions have importance. In our dissertation first of all the definition, functions of the principle of transparency and some divisions related to this will be explained. In the second section of our dissertation the meaning of the principle of transparency in TOC Article 20 ff. partaking supervision stages such a preliminary control, legally-binding control, comment control, content controls and transparency control will be examined. Some of the questions examined in our dissertation can we state as following: Is there a necessity for an unique transparency control beside other control stages? If this will be replied in the affirmative, then what is the relationship between transparency control and other control stages? What is the scope of application of the transparency control? What valuation criteria are there in the transparency control? Specially how can we deal with the essential components of the contract, contract terms on behalf of customer as well as contract terms repeating legislative regulation? Is the legal consequence of non- fulfilment of the principle of transparency directly the invalidity of the general terms and conditions? What kind of invalidity is there in case of the breach of the transparency control?
General terms and conditions include the risk of being abused beside its beneficial functions. Application of general terms against the principle of honesty has an important perspective regarding contract law. Accordingly, the control mechanism of the general transaction conditions and its stages are put in order and lined off elaborately between Article 20 and 25 of The Turkish Code of Obligations. The principle of transparency as generally accepted ist the most important novelty and principle in the development of the law of general term. In this context, the place and sense of the principle of transparency in the control stages of the general transaction conditions have importance. In our dissertation first of all the definition, functions of the principle of transparency and some divisions related to this will be explained. In the second section of our dissertation the meaning of the principle of transparency in TOC Article 20 ff. partaking supervision stages such a preliminary control, legally-binding control, comment control, content controls and transparency control will be examined. Some of the questions examined in our dissertation can we state as following: Is there a necessity for an unique transparency control beside other control stages? If this will be replied in the affirmative, then what is the relationship between transparency control and other control stages? What is the scope of application of the transparency control? What valuation criteria are there in the transparency control? Specially how can we deal with the essential components of the contract, contract terms on behalf of customer as well as contract terms repeating legislative regulation? Is the legal consequence of non- fulfilment of the principle of transparency directly the invalidity of the general terms and conditions? What kind of invalidity is there in case of the breach of the transparency control?
Description
Keywords
Auditing, Borçlar hukuku, Contracts, Denetim, Genel işlem koşulları, Law and legislation, Obligations (Law), saydamlık denetimi, saydamlık kuralı, Sözleşmeler, the principle of transparency, The Turkish Code of Obligations, transparency control, Turkey, Türk Borçlar Kanunu General terms and conditions, Türkiye, Yasa ve yasama
