Publication: Osmanlı vakıf hukukunda mütevelli kaymakamı
Abstract
Osmanlı vakıf hukukunda mütevelli kaymakamının varlığı, vakfın devamlılığına ve tevliyet işlerinde aksaklığa mahal verilmeden gereği gibi yönetilme ihtiyacına hizmet etmektedir. Bazı devletlerde “nazır” veya “kayyım” gibi isimlerle ifade edilen vakfın idarecisi, Osmanlı hukukunda “mütevelli” olarak adlandırılır. Hukuki muamele ve davalarda vakfı temsil edip vakıf adına tasarrufta bulunmaya yetkili olan mütevelli, bazı hallerde vakfın işlerini hiç veya gereği gibi yerine getiremiyor olabilir. Bu halde, vakfın muhafazasıyla mükellef olan hâkim, zuhur eden ihtiyaca bakarak, sahip olduğu velayet yetkisi doğrultusunda vakfa bir “mütevelli kaymakamı” tayin eder. Bu çalışma, Osmanlı hukukunda kabul edilen görüşler ve mahkeme tatbikatı çerçevesinde, vakıf idaresinin sürekliliğinde kritik bir rol oynayan mütevelli kaymakamını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda onun vakıf idaresi içerisindeki konumu, benzerlerinden ayırt eden özellikleri, hukuki vasfı, mütevelli kaymakamının tayin edilmesine ihtiyaç duyulan haller, hakları, görevleri, yetkileri, sorumlulukları, göreve gelmesi ve görevinin sonlanması konu edilmiştir.
The existence of the deputy manager (kaymakam-ı mütevelli or mütevelli kaymakamı) in Ottoman law of waqf serves the continuity of the waqf and the need for proper management without causing any disruption in management affairs. The manager of the waqf is called mütevelli in Ottoman law, where the manager is referred to as nazır (minister) or kayyım (custodian) in several countries. The manager is authorized to represent the waqf in legal transactions and lawsuits and to act on behalf of the waqf. But in some cases, the manager could not fulfill the duties at all or as required. In this case, the judge, responsible for safeguarding the waqf, appoints a deputy manager to the waqf in line with the custody authority the judge has, considering the need that arises. In this dissertation, I examine the deputy manager who played a critical role in the continuity of the waqf management within the framework of the views accepted in Ottoman law and court practice. In this context, I discuss this position within the waqf management, its distinguishing features from peers, legal qualifications, the situations in which the deputy manager needs to be appointed, rights, duties, powers, responsibilities, coming to office, and termination of the duty.
The existence of the deputy manager (kaymakam-ı mütevelli or mütevelli kaymakamı) in Ottoman law of waqf serves the continuity of the waqf and the need for proper management without causing any disruption in management affairs. The manager of the waqf is called mütevelli in Ottoman law, where the manager is referred to as nazır (minister) or kayyım (custodian) in several countries. The manager is authorized to represent the waqf in legal transactions and lawsuits and to act on behalf of the waqf. But in some cases, the manager could not fulfill the duties at all or as required. In this case, the judge, responsible for safeguarding the waqf, appoints a deputy manager to the waqf in line with the custody authority the judge has, considering the need that arises. In this dissertation, I examine the deputy manager who played a critical role in the continuity of the waqf management within the framework of the views accepted in Ottoman law and court practice. In this context, I discuss this position within the waqf management, its distinguishing features from peers, legal qualifications, the situations in which the deputy manager needs to be appointed, rights, duties, powers, responsibilities, coming to office, and termination of the duty.