Publication: Geçmişten günümüze Anadolu’da keten dokumacılığı
Abstract
Anadolu, tarihi boyunca yüzden fazla uygarlığa sahip olmuş, ender topraklardan biridir. Bu yüzden jeolojik, coğrafi ve stratejik konumunun üzerinde birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Anadolu’da dokumacılık, Neolitik Çağ’a kadar uzanmakta ve bu çağ Anadolu ve Trakya’da dört yüze yakın yerleşme ile temsil edilmektedir. Dokumacılığın nerede başladığı konusunda bugüne değin farklı görüşler ileri sürülmüştür. Yapılan arkeolojik kazılar, okunan belgeler bu görüşleri desteklemiştir. 1962 yılında Konya’nın 152 km güney-doğusunda, Çatalhöyük’te, Melleart ve Burnham tarafından bulunan Neolitik dokuma parçaları Ankara Arkeoloji Müzesinde sergilenmektedir. Bu buluntuların M.Ö. 6000 yılına ait oldukları belirtilmektedir.. Ancak bu kalıntıların teknik bakımdan ileri olmaları, bunlardan önce dokunmuş parçaların da bulunması gerektiği için dokumacılık tarihinin daha öncelere dayanması gerekmektedir. Yapılmış olan çalışmanın birinci bölümünde, tarih öncesi çağlardan başlayarak dokumacılık eyleminin tarihçesi ve bu görüşleri kanıtlayan arkeolojik kazılar ve antik medeniyetlerin giysileri ve mitolojide dokumacılık irdelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde, tekstil elyafı olarak keten ele alınmış, diğer bast lifleri ile birlikte incelenmiş, Türkiye’deki ve dünyadaki tarihçesi araştırılmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde keten dokumacılığının Anadolu’daki dünü, bugünü ve yapılmış olan alan araştırması sonuçları irdelenmiş, gidilmiş olan yörelerden alınan örnek keten dokumalar laboratuarda incelenmiş ve analizleri yapılmış ve Marmara Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Dokuma Atölyesinde yirmi dört farklı örnek dokunmuş ve öneri kataloğu oluşturulmuştur.
Throughout the history of mankind, Anatolia (Asia Minor) has been one of the very few places that was home to more than 100 civilizations. Consequently, many studies were conducted on Anatolia’s geographical and strategic prominence. Weaving in Asia Minor goes back to the Neolithic period when there were about 400 settlements in Thrace and Anatolia. There are various opinions on where weaving originated from. Archaeological excavations and deciphered documents supported these opinions. Melleart and Burnham’s excavations in 1962 near Çatalhöyük, 162 km southeast of Konya, yielded fabric fragments from 6000 BC. They are currently exhibited in the Archaeological Museum in Ankara. That the weaving of these fabric segments was technically advanced, suggets that the history of weaving in Anatolia dates back even before that period. This volume on linen fabrics is broken into three parts : In the first part, weaving was studied from prehistoric times through today. Archaeological excavations and their findings, clothing of antiquity and weaving in mythology were presented. In the second part, linen was studied as a textile fiber, investigated along with the other bast fibres, and its history in Turkey and the world was reviewed. In the third part, weaving of linen in Anatolia was investigated and conducted field work was presented. Sample linen segments from the different regions visited were analyzed and the results were tabulated. Finally, 24 sample linen segments were weaved at the waving workshop of Marmara University Fine Arts Faculty and an offer catalog was prepared.
Throughout the history of mankind, Anatolia (Asia Minor) has been one of the very few places that was home to more than 100 civilizations. Consequently, many studies were conducted on Anatolia’s geographical and strategic prominence. Weaving in Asia Minor goes back to the Neolithic period when there were about 400 settlements in Thrace and Anatolia. There are various opinions on where weaving originated from. Archaeological excavations and deciphered documents supported these opinions. Melleart and Burnham’s excavations in 1962 near Çatalhöyük, 162 km southeast of Konya, yielded fabric fragments from 6000 BC. They are currently exhibited in the Archaeological Museum in Ankara. That the weaving of these fabric segments was technically advanced, suggets that the history of weaving in Anatolia dates back even before that period. This volume on linen fabrics is broken into three parts : In the first part, weaving was studied from prehistoric times through today. Archaeological excavations and their findings, clothing of antiquity and weaving in mythology were presented. In the second part, linen was studied as a textile fiber, investigated along with the other bast fibres, and its history in Turkey and the world was reviewed. In the third part, weaving of linen in Anatolia was investigated and conducted field work was presented. Sample linen segments from the different regions visited were analyzed and the results were tabulated. Finally, 24 sample linen segments were weaved at the waving workshop of Marmara University Fine Arts Faculty and an offer catalog was prepared.