Publication: Yeni nesil nükleer enerji santralleri ve toryum ekseninde Pakistan-Türkiye iş birliğinin iki ülke dış politikalarına olası etkileri
Abstract
Enerji, yaşadığımız dünya için, en önemli rekabet unsurları arasındaki yerinigiderek artırmaktadır. Dünyadaki toplam rezervler bakımından Hindistan ile birlikte enbüyük Toryum rezervlerine sahip olan Türkiye’nin, bu rezervleri nükleer enerjiteknolojisi tecrübesine sahip bir ülke ile değerlendirme imkanları, bu çalışmanıntemelini oluşturmuştur. Enerji üretiminde büyük avantajı sağladığı bilinen nükleerenerjinin, yeni nesil teknolojileri devreye sokarak bu önemini artıracağıöngörülmektedir.Uluslararası Atom Enerji Ajansı 2015 verilerine göre, inşası süren 70 reaktörünçalışmaya başlaması ile dünyada üretilen elektrik enerjisinin %20’sinin nükleer yollaelde edileceği ve 2030 yılına kadar BM’ye üye olan ülkelerin her dördünden birininnükleer güç sahibi olacağı bilgilerine sahibiz. Fosil yakıt zengini Suudi Arabistan’ın onbeş yıl içerisinde 16 adet nükleer santrali devreye sokacağı ve Birleşik ArapEmirlikleri’nin sahip olduğu 3 reaktöre 11 reaktör ekleme planladıkları mevcuttur.IISiyasal alanda önemli bir güç enstrümanı olarak, nükleer güçten vazgeçilmeyeceği,bilakis dünyada yeni bir “Nükleer Rönesans”ın beklendiği görülmektedir.Uluslararası İlişkiler literatüründe enerjinin güç kaynağı olarak algılanarak,enerji avantajını elinde bulunduran ülkelerin dış politika dizaynı konusundasağladıkları avantajlar, pek çok akademik çalışmanın konusunu teşkil etmektedir.Tüm bu gerçekler çerçevesinde cari açığında en büyük kalemi, enerji ithalatıoluşturan Türkiye’nin, enerji politikaları şüphesiz önem arz etmektedir.Yeni nesil nükleer yakıt olarak Toryumun değerlendirilmesinde Pakistan ile olasıişbirliğinin ülke dış politikalarına yansımasına ilişkin bu çalışmada, UluslararasıPolitik Ekonomi programının disiplinler arası vizyonu gereği uluslararası ilişkiler,ekonomi-iktisat ve mühendislik alanlarındaki kaynaklardan istifade edilmeye gayretedilmiştir.Çalışmanın literatüre Toryum, Pakistan-Türkiye nükleer işbirliği dış politikayansımaları çerçevesinde katkısı umulmaktadır.
Energy, as the most important competition elements for the world that we live in,is increasing its place among the world. In terms of having the largest thorium reservesin the total thorium reserves in the world India together with Turkey, and theassessment of the opportunities of these reserves with experience in nuclear energytechnology has been the basis for this study. Nuclear energy, which is known to providegreat advantage in energy production, is expected to increase this importance byintroducing new generation technologies.According to International Atomic Energy Agency 2015 datas, we have theknowledge that with the start of 70 reactors which are currently under construction,20% of the electricity generated in the world will be obtained by nuclear means, and by2030, each one of every four member states will have nuclear power. Fossil fuel-richSaudi Arabia will launch 16 nuclear power plants in next fiftheen years. United ArabEmirates is planning to add 11 new nuclear reactors on its currently owned 3 nuclearreactors. As an important instrument of power in the political arena, it is not possible toabandon nuclear power, but it is expected a new “nuclear renaissance” in the world.In the literature of the international relations, energy perceived as a source ofpower, and countries which have this advantage in their hand, have advantages todesign foreign policies, and this is subject of many academic studies.In the framework of all these facts, energy policies of Turkey undoubtedlyimportant since the largest item in the current account deficit is energy import.IVIn this study it has been studied that reflection of, possible cooperation withPakistan in the evaluation of thorium as a new nuclear fuel, on foreign policies of thecountry. Due to the interdisciplinary vision of the International Political Economyprogram, efforts have been made to utilize the resources in the fields of internationalrelations, economics, economics and engineering.This study is expected to contribute to the literature in the context of thorium,Pakistan-Turkey nuclear cooperation and it’s reflection on foreign policy.
Energy, as the most important competition elements for the world that we live in,is increasing its place among the world. In terms of having the largest thorium reservesin the total thorium reserves in the world India together with Turkey, and theassessment of the opportunities of these reserves with experience in nuclear energytechnology has been the basis for this study. Nuclear energy, which is known to providegreat advantage in energy production, is expected to increase this importance byintroducing new generation technologies.According to International Atomic Energy Agency 2015 datas, we have theknowledge that with the start of 70 reactors which are currently under construction,20% of the electricity generated in the world will be obtained by nuclear means, and by2030, each one of every four member states will have nuclear power. Fossil fuel-richSaudi Arabia will launch 16 nuclear power plants in next fiftheen years. United ArabEmirates is planning to add 11 new nuclear reactors on its currently owned 3 nuclearreactors. As an important instrument of power in the political arena, it is not possible toabandon nuclear power, but it is expected a new “nuclear renaissance” in the world.In the literature of the international relations, energy perceived as a source ofpower, and countries which have this advantage in their hand, have advantages todesign foreign policies, and this is subject of many academic studies.In the framework of all these facts, energy policies of Turkey undoubtedlyimportant since the largest item in the current account deficit is energy import.IVIn this study it has been studied that reflection of, possible cooperation withPakistan in the evaluation of thorium as a new nuclear fuel, on foreign policies of thecountry. Due to the interdisciplinary vision of the International Political Economyprogram, efforts have been made to utilize the resources in the fields of internationalrelations, economics, economics and engineering.This study is expected to contribute to the literature in the context of thorium,Pakistan-Turkey nuclear cooperation and it’s reflection on foreign policy.