Publication: Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin ilkokuma yazma başarısına etkisi
Abstract
BİLGİSAYAR DESTEKLİ ÖĞRETİMİN İLKOKUMA YAZMA BAŞARISINA ETKİSİ ÖZET Bu araştırmada bilgisayar destekli öğretimin, ilkokuma yazma başarısına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, 2006–2007 eğitim-öğretim yılında ilköğretim birinci sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, İstanbul ili Kadıköy ilçesi Kayışdağı Arifpaşa İlköğretim Okulu birinci sınıf şubeleri arasından deney grubu olarak seçilen 1-D şubesi’ndeki 32 öğrenci ile kontrol grubu olarak seçilen 1-C sınıfındaki 32 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Bu araştırma, yarı deneme modellerinden “sontest kontrol gruplu” modele göre desenlenmiş ve birinci dönem süresince deneysel olarak alanda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deney grubunda dersler, bilgisayar destekli öğretimle işlenirken, kontrol grubunda geleneksel öğretimle işlenmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak anne babaların çocuklarının ilköğretim birinci sınıfa başlamadan önceki okuma-yazma durumu ve bilgisayar bilgisi ve becerilerine ilişkin görüş ve düşüncelerini tespit etmek amacıyla “Veli Anketi”, öğrencilerin okula başlamadan önce sahip oldukları okuma yazma kavramlarını tespit etmek amacıyla “Okuma Kavramları Ölçeği”, ilkokuma yazma başarılarını tespit etmek amacıyla “Başarı Testi” ve “Okuma Gözlem Formu” ile “Yazı Gözlem Formu” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde SPSS 12.0 paket kullanılarak, veriler üzerinde ki kare, frekans ve t testi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın amaçları ve elde edilen sonuçlar aşağıda verilmiştir: “Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin; ilköğretim birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin okuduğunu anlama, yazı, noktalama, yazma, okuma ve ilkokuma yazma toplam başarısına etkisi var mıdır?” a) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin, öğrencilerin yazı, noktalama ve okuma başarılarına etkisi olmuştur. b) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin, öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlama ve yazma başarılarına etkisi olmamıştır. c) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin öğrencilerin ilkokuma yazma başarılarına etkisi olmuştur. 1.“Okul öncesi eğitim alan ve almayan gruplarda, bilgisayar destekli öğretimin ilkokuma yazma başarısına etkisi var mıdır?” a) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin okul öncesi eğitim almış olan öğrencilerin ilkokuma yazma başarılarına etkisi olmuştur. b) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin okul öncesi eğitim almamış olan öğrencilerin ilkokuma yazma başarılarına etkisi olmamıştır. 2.“Okula başlamadan okuma yazma öğretmek için özel çaba sarfedilen ve sarfedilmeyen gruplarda, bilgisayar destekli öğretimin ilkokuma yazma başarısına etkisi var mıdır?” a) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin, okula başlamadan okuma yazma öğretmek için özel çaba sarfedilen öğrencilerin ilkokuma yazma başarılarına etkisi olmamıştır. b) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin, okula başlamadan okuma yazma öğretmek için özel çaba sarfedilmeyen öğrencilerin ilkokuma yazma başarılarına etkisi olmuştur. 3.“Evlerinde bilgisayar olan ve olmayan gruplarda, bilgisayar destekli öğretimin ilkokuma yazma başarısına etkisi var mıdır?” a) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin, evlerinde bilgisayar olan öğrencilerin ilkokuma yazma başarılarına etkisi olmamıştır. b) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin, evlerinde bilgisayar olmayan öğrencilerin ilkokuma yazma başarılarına etkisi olmuştur. 4.“Bilgisayar öğretmek için özel çaba sarfedilen ve sarfedilmeyen gruplarda, bilgisayar destekli öğretimin ilkokuma yazma başarısına etkisi var mıdır?” a) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin, bilgisayar öğretmek için özel çaba sarfedilen öğrencilerin ilkokuma yazma başarılarına etkisi olmamıştır. b) Bilgisayar destekli öğretimin, bilgisayar öğretmek için özel çaba sarfedilmeyen öğrencilerin ilkokuma yazma başarılarına etkisi olmuştur. Araştırmanın sonuçlarından hareketle şu önerilerde bulunulmuştur: 1. Profesyonel web site tasarımcıları tarafından öğretmenlerin bilgisayar destekli ilkokuma yazma öğretiminde kullanmaları için; öğretmen rehberliğinde, öğrencilerin etkinlikler yapabilecekleri web siteleri kurulabilir. İnternet bağlantısı yapılarak, sınıflarda ve bilgi teknolojileri laboratuarlarında bu sitelerden yararlanılabilir. 2. İlkokuma yazma öğretimi ders kitapları bilgisayar destekli öğretim yapmak üzere cd kullanımına uygun olarak düzenlenebilir ve ders kitaplarına ait oluşturulan ve ilkokuma yazma öğretiminin hazırlık, okuma yazmayı öğrenme, okur-yazarlığa ulaşma aşamalarının tamamını destekleyen cd setleri, kitaplarla birlikte okullara ulaştırılabilir. THE EFFECTİON OF COMPUTER BASED TEACHİNG TO ACHİEVEMENT OF FİRST READİNG WRİTİNG
In this research, the effectiveness of computer based teaching at the first reading writing achievement is compared with the traditional method. The universe of the research is first year pupils in the primary school at 2006-2007 academic year. The sampling is 32 pupils from 1-D as experimental group and 32 pupils from 1-C as control group from Kayisdagi Primary School in Istanbul, Kadıkoy. This research was formed as last test control group model of semi experimental method and putted into practice at the field during the first term. While in the experimental group, courses were taught by computer based teaching, in the control group, they were taught by the traditional teaching method. In research, “Parent Questionnaire” for the pupils’ mothers and fathers, to know the reading writing and computer abilities and knowledge about the pupils who they didn’t start to their first year in the primary school, “The Scale of Reading Concepts”, “Achievement Test”, “Reding Observation Form”, “Hand Writing Observation Form” were used to gather data. Chi-square, frequency and t-test was applied on data by using SPSS 12.0 in analyzing the data which were collected. The aims and the main findings of this research are as follows: 1. Is there an effectiveness of computer based teaching to first year pupils’ of primary school achievement of understanding of reading, handwriting, punctuation, writing, reading and total first reading writing? a) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ handwriting, punctuation and reading achievements. b) Computer based teaching was not effected at pupils’ understanding of the reading and writing achievements. c) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ the first reading writing achievement. 2. “At the groups who took and didn’t take preschool education, is there an effectiveness of computer based teaching to achievement of first reading writing?” a) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ who took preschool education the first reading writing achievements. b) Computer based teaching was not effected who didn’t take preschool education the first reading writing achievements. 3. “At the groups who were expended and didn’t expend effort to teach reading writing when he/ she didn’t start to primary school, is there an effectiveness of computer based teaching to achievement of first reading writing?” a) Computer based teaching was not effected at pupils’ who were expended effort to teach reading writing when he/ she didn’t start to primary school, the first reading writing achievements. b) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ who weren’t expended effort to teach reading writing when he/ she didn’t start to primary school, the first reading writing achievements. 4. “At the groups who have and didn’t have the computer at home, is there effectiveness of computer based teaching to achievement of first reading writing?” a) Computer based teaching was not effected at pupils’ who have the computer at home, the first reading writing achievements. b) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ who didn’t have the computer at home, the first reading writing achievements. 5. “At the groups who were expended and weren’t expended effort to teach computer, is there effectiveness of computer based teaching to achievement of first reading writing?” a) Computer based teaching was not effected at pupils’ who were expended effort to teach computer, the first reading writing achievements. b) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ who weren’t expended effort to teach computer, the first reading writing achievements. According the findings of research, was proposed those suggestions: 1. For teachers to use at computer based the first reding writing teaching, professional web sites’ designers can make sites that pupils’ can do activities with their teacher’s guiding. By making the internet connection, in the classes and information technology laboratories, can benefit from these web sites. 2. For computer based first reading writing teaching, the courses’ books of the first reading writing can form to use compact disks. The sets of compact disks which support the processes of first reading writing; preperation, learning reading writing and literacy; can be reached to schools with the courses’ books.
In this research, the effectiveness of computer based teaching at the first reading writing achievement is compared with the traditional method. The universe of the research is first year pupils in the primary school at 2006-2007 academic year. The sampling is 32 pupils from 1-D as experimental group and 32 pupils from 1-C as control group from Kayisdagi Primary School in Istanbul, Kadıkoy. This research was formed as last test control group model of semi experimental method and putted into practice at the field during the first term. While in the experimental group, courses were taught by computer based teaching, in the control group, they were taught by the traditional teaching method. In research, “Parent Questionnaire” for the pupils’ mothers and fathers, to know the reading writing and computer abilities and knowledge about the pupils who they didn’t start to their first year in the primary school, “The Scale of Reading Concepts”, “Achievement Test”, “Reding Observation Form”, “Hand Writing Observation Form” were used to gather data. Chi-square, frequency and t-test was applied on data by using SPSS 12.0 in analyzing the data which were collected. The aims and the main findings of this research are as follows: 1. Is there an effectiveness of computer based teaching to first year pupils’ of primary school achievement of understanding of reading, handwriting, punctuation, writing, reading and total first reading writing? a) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ handwriting, punctuation and reading achievements. b) Computer based teaching was not effected at pupils’ understanding of the reading and writing achievements. c) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ the first reading writing achievement. 2. “At the groups who took and didn’t take preschool education, is there an effectiveness of computer based teaching to achievement of first reading writing?” a) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ who took preschool education the first reading writing achievements. b) Computer based teaching was not effected who didn’t take preschool education the first reading writing achievements. 3. “At the groups who were expended and didn’t expend effort to teach reading writing when he/ she didn’t start to primary school, is there an effectiveness of computer based teaching to achievement of first reading writing?” a) Computer based teaching was not effected at pupils’ who were expended effort to teach reading writing when he/ she didn’t start to primary school, the first reading writing achievements. b) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ who weren’t expended effort to teach reading writing when he/ she didn’t start to primary school, the first reading writing achievements. 4. “At the groups who have and didn’t have the computer at home, is there effectiveness of computer based teaching to achievement of first reading writing?” a) Computer based teaching was not effected at pupils’ who have the computer at home, the first reading writing achievements. b) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ who didn’t have the computer at home, the first reading writing achievements. 5. “At the groups who were expended and weren’t expended effort to teach computer, is there effectiveness of computer based teaching to achievement of first reading writing?” a) Computer based teaching was not effected at pupils’ who were expended effort to teach computer, the first reading writing achievements. b) Computer based teaching was effected at pupils’ who weren’t expended effort to teach computer, the first reading writing achievements. According the findings of research, was proposed those suggestions: 1. For teachers to use at computer based the first reding writing teaching, professional web sites’ designers can make sites that pupils’ can do activities with their teacher’s guiding. By making the internet connection, in the classes and information technology laboratories, can benefit from these web sites. 2. For computer based first reading writing teaching, the courses’ books of the first reading writing can form to use compact disks. The sets of compact disks which support the processes of first reading writing; preperation, learning reading writing and literacy; can be reached to schools with the courses’ books.